The extended H I halo of NGC 4945 as seen by MeerKAT

Ianjamasimanana, Roger; Koribalski, B. S.; Józsa, Gyula I. G.; Kamphuis, Peter; de Blok, W. J. G.; Kleiner, Dane; Namumba, B.; Carignan, Claude; Dettmar, Ralf-Jürgen; Serra, Paolo; Smirnov, Oleg M.; Thorat, Kshitij search by orcid; Hugo, Benjamin V.; Ramaila, Athanaseus J. T.; Maina, Eric; Maccagni, Filippo M.; Makhathini, Sphesihle; Andati, Lexy A. L.; Molnár, Dániel Cs; Perkins, Simon; Loi, Francesca; Ramatsoku, Mpati; Atemkeng, Marcellin

The extended H I halo of NGC 4945 as seen by MeerKAT

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores:	Ianjamasimanana, Roger, Koribalski, B. S., Józsa, Gyula I. G., Kamphuis, Peter, de Blok, W. J. G., Kleiner, Dane, Namumba, B., Carignan, Claude, Dettmar, Ralf-Jürgen, Serra, Paolo, Smirnov, Oleg M., Thorat, Kshitij search by orcid, Hugo, Benjamin V., Ramaila, Athanaseus J. T., Maina, Eric, Maccagni, Filippo M., Makhathini, Sphesihle, Andati, Lexy A. L., Molnár, Dániel Cs, Perkins, Simon, Loi, Francesca, Ramatsoku, Mpati, Atemkeng, Marcellin
Tipo de recurso:	artículo
Estado:	Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:	2022
País:	España
Institución:	Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
Repositorio:	DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
OAI Identifier:	oai:digital.csic.es:10261/275734
Acceso en línea:	http://hdl.handle.net/10261/275734
Access Level:	acceso abierto
Palabra clave:	Instrumentation: interferometers Methods: data analysis Galaxies: spiral

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network_acronym_str	ES
network_name_str	España
repository_id_str
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv	The extended H I halo of NGC 4945 as seen by MeerKAT
title	The extended H I halo of NGC 4945 as seen by MeerKAT
spellingShingle	The extended H I halo of NGC 4945 as seen by MeerKAT Ianjamasimanana, Roger Instrumentation: interferometers Methods: data analysis Galaxies: spiral
title_short	The extended H I halo of NGC 4945 as seen by MeerKAT
title_full	The extended H I halo of NGC 4945 as seen by MeerKAT
title_fullStr	The extended H I halo of NGC 4945 as seen by MeerKAT
title_full_unstemmed	The extended H I halo of NGC 4945 as seen by MeerKAT
title_sort	The extended H I halo of NGC 4945 as seen by MeerKAT
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv	Ianjamasimanana, Roger Koribalski, B. S. Józsa, Gyula I. G. Kamphuis, Peter de Blok, W. J. G. Kleiner, Dane Namumba, B. Carignan, Claude Dettmar, Ralf-Jürgen Serra, Paolo Smirnov, Oleg M. Thorat, Kshitij search by orcid Hugo, Benjamin V. Ramaila, Athanaseus J. T. Maina, Eric Maccagni, Filippo M. Makhathini, Sphesihle Andati, Lexy A. L. Molnár, Dániel Cs Perkins, Simon Loi, Francesca Ramatsoku, Mpati Atemkeng, Marcellin
author	Ianjamasimanana, Roger
author_facet	Ianjamasimanana, Roger Koribalski, B. S. Józsa, Gyula I. G. Kamphuis, Peter de Blok, W. J. G. Kleiner, Dane Namumba, B. Carignan, Claude Dettmar, Ralf-Jürgen Serra, Paolo Smirnov, Oleg M. Thorat, Kshitij search by orcid Hugo, Benjamin V. Ramaila, Athanaseus J. T. Maina, Eric Maccagni, Filippo M. Makhathini, Sphesihle Andati, Lexy A. L. Molnár, Dániel Cs Perkins, Simon Loi, Francesca Ramatsoku, Mpati Atemkeng, Marcellin
author_role	author
author2	Koribalski, B. S. Józsa, Gyula I. G. Kamphuis, Peter de Blok, W. J. G. Kleiner, Dane Namumba, B. Carignan, Claude Dettmar, Ralf-Jürgen Serra, Paolo Smirnov, Oleg M. Thorat, Kshitij search by orcid Hugo, Benjamin V. Ramaila, Athanaseus J. T. Maina, Eric Maccagni, Filippo M. Makhathini, Sphesihle Andati, Lexy A. L. Molnár, Dániel Cs Perkins, Simon Loi, Francesca Ramatsoku, Mpati Atemkeng, Marcellin
author2_role	author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv	Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España) European Commission European Research Council Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [https://ror.org/02gfc7t72]
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv	Instrumentation: interferometers Methods: data analysis Galaxies: spiral
topic	Instrumentation: interferometers Methods: data analysis Galaxies: spiral
description	This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
publishDate	2022
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv	2022 2022 2022
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv	info:eu-repo/semantics/article http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501 Publisher's version info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
format	article
status_str	publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv	http://hdl.handle.net/10261/275734
url	http://hdl.handle.net/10261/275734
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv	Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv	Inglés
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv	#PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE# #PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE# #PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE# #PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE# info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/MICINN//SEV-2017-0709 info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2017-2020/RTI2018-096228-B-C31 info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/882793 info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/679627 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stac936 Sí
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv	info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
eu_rights_str_mv	openAccess
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv	Oxford University Press
publisher.none.fl_str_mv	Oxford University Press
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv	reponame:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC instname:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
instname_str	Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
reponame_str	DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
collection	DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
_version_	1869418231020650496
spelling	The extended H I halo of NGC 4945 as seen by MeerKATIanjamasimanana, RogerKoribalski, B. S.Józsa, Gyula I. G.Kamphuis, Peterde Blok, W. J. G.Kleiner, DaneNamumba, B.Carignan, ClaudeDettmar, Ralf-JürgenSerra, PaoloSmirnov, Oleg M.Thorat, Kshitij search by orcidHugo, Benjamin V.Ramaila, Athanaseus J. T.Maina, EricMaccagni, Filippo M.Makhathini, SphesihleAndati, Lexy A. L.Molnár, Dániel CsPerkins, SimonLoi, FrancescaRamatsoku, MpatiAtemkeng, MarcellinInstrumentation: interferometersMethods: data analysisGalaxies: spiralThis is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.Observations of the neutral atomic hydrogen (H I) in the nuclear starburst galaxy NGC 4945 with MeerKAT are presented. We find a large amount of halo gas, previously missed by H I observations, accounting for 6.8 per cent of the total H I mass. This is most likely gas blown into the halo by star formation. Our maps go down to a 3σ column density level of 5 × 1018 cm−2. We model the H I distribution using tilted-ring fitting techniques and find a warp on the galaxy’s approaching and receding sides. The H I in the northern side of the galaxy appears to be suppressed. This may be the result of ionization by the starburst activity in the galaxy, as suggested by a previous study. The origin of the warp is unclear but could be due to past interactions or ram pressure stripping. Broad, asymmetric H I absorption lines extending throughout the H I emission velocity channels are present towards the nuclear region of NGC 4945. Such broad lines suggest the existence of a nuclear ring moving at a high circular velocity. This is supported by the clear rotation patterns in the H I absorption velocity field. The asymmetry of the absorption spectra can be caused by outflows or inflows of gas in the nuclear region of NGC 4945. The continuum map shows small extensions on both sides of the galaxy’s major axis that might be signs of outflows resulting from the starburst activity. © The Author(s) 2022. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Royal Astronomical Society.RI acknowledges financial support from grant RTI2018-096228-B-C31 (MCIU/AEI/FEDER,UE) and from the State Agency for Research of the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities through the ‘Center of Excellence Severo Ochoa’ awarded to the Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (SEV-2017-0709), from the grant IAA4SKA (Ref. R18-RT-3082) from the Economic Transformation, Industry, Knowledge and Universities Council of the Regional Government of Andalusia and the European Regional Development Fund from the European Union. The MeerKAT telescope is operated by the South African Radio Astronomy Observatory, which is a facility of the National Research Foundation, an agency of the Department of Science and Innovation. This work is based upon research supported by the South African Research Chairs Initiative of the Department of Science and Technology and National Research Foundation. The financial assistance of the South African Radio Astronomy Observatory (SARAO) towards this research is hereby acknowledged (www.sarao.ac.za). At Ruhr University Bochum, this research is supported by BMBF Verbundforschung grant 05A20PC4 and by DFG Sonderforschungsbereich SFB1491. This project has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme grant agreement no. 882793, project name MeerGas. This project has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement no.679627; project name FORNAX).Peer reviewedOxford University PressMinisterio de Ciencia e Innovación (España)European CommissionEuropean Research CouncilConsejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [https://ror.org/02gfc7t72]202220222022info:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501Publisher's versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://hdl.handle.net/10261/275734reponame:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSICinstname:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)Inglés#PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE##PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE##PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE##PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE#info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/MICINN//SEV-2017-0709info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2017-2020/RTI2018-096228-B-C31info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/882793info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/679627http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stac936Síinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:digital.csic.es:10261/2757342026-05-22T06:33:51Z
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The extended H I halo of NGC 4945 as seen by MeerKAT

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