Bacterial translocation occurs early in cirrhosis and triggers a selective inflammatory response.

BACKGROUND: Experimental data suggest that bacterial translocation (BT) promotes systemic inflammation, portal hypertension, and circulatory dysfunction in advanced chronic liver disease (ACLD). METHODS: Patients with ACLD undergoing hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG) measurement and absence of...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Simbrunner B, Caparrós E, Neuwirth T, Schwabl P, Königshofer P, Bauer D, Marculescu R, Trauner M, Scheiner B, Stary G, Mandorfer M, Reiberger T, Francés R
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2023
País:España
Institución:Instituto de Investigación Biomédica y Sanitaria de Alicante (ISABIAL)
Repositorio:r-ISABIAL. Repositorio Institucional de Producción Científica del Instituto de Investigación Biomédica y Sanitaria de Alicante
OAI Identifier:oai:isabial.fundanetsuite.com:p9521
Acceso en línea:https://isabial.portalinvestigacion.com/publicaciones9521
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Bacterial translocation
Circulatory dysfunction
Cirrhosis
Cytokine
Endotoxin
Gut–liver axis
Immunity
Inflammation
PAMPs
Portal hypertension
Descripción
Sumario:BACKGROUND: Experimental data suggest that bacterial translocation (BT) promotes systemic inflammation, portal hypertension, and circulatory dysfunction in advanced chronic liver disease (ACLD). METHODS: Patients with ACLD undergoing hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG) measurement and absence of acute decompensation or infections were included (n = 249). Serum biomarkers of BT (lipopolysaccharide [LPS], lipoteichoic acid [LTA], bacterial DNA [bactDNA]), systemic inflammation and markers of circulatory dysfunction were assessed. T-cell subsets in intestinal biopsies (n = 7 ACLD, n = 4 controls) were analyzed by flow cytometry. RESULTS: Patients had a median HVPG of 18 (12-21) mmHg and 56% had decompensated ACLD. LPS (0.04 [0.02-0.06] vs. 0.64 [0.30-1.06] EU/mL), LTA (4.53 [3.58-5.97] vs. 43.2 [23.2-109] pg/mL), and detection of bactDNA (= 5 pg/mL; 5% vs. 41%) were markedly higher in patients with ACLD than healthy controls (n = 40; p < 0.001) but were similar between different clinical stages of compensated and decompensated ACLD and displayed no meaningful correlation with HVPG and systemic hemodynamics. TNF-a and IL-10 correlated with LPS (Spearman's r(s) = 0.523, p < 0.001/r(s) = 0.143, p = 0.024) but not with LTA. Presence of bactDNA was associated with higher LPS (0.54 [0.28-0.95] vs. 0.88 [0.32-1.31] EU/mL, p = 0.001) and TNF-a (15.3 [6.31-28.1] vs. 20.9 [13.8-32.9] pg/mL). Patients with ACLD exhibited a decreased CD4:CD8-ratio and increased T(H)1-cells in the intestinal mucosa as compared to controls. During a median FU of 14.7 (8.20-26.5) months, bacterial antigens did not predict decompensation or liver-related death (in contrast to HVPG, IL-6, and MAP) as well as infections at 24 months. CONCLUSION: BT occurs already in early ACLD stages and triggers a systemic inflammatory response via TNF-a and IL-10. Interestingly, BT markers showed no clear correlation with portal hypertension and circulatory dysfunction in patients with stable ACLD. CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBER: NCT03267615.