Haplotype-based analysis of KIR-gene profiles in a south european population-distribution of standard and variant Haplotypes, and identification of novel recombinant structures
Inhibitory Killer-cell Immunoglobulin-like Receptors (KIR) specific for HLA class I molecules enable human natural killer cells to monitor altered antigen presentation in pathogen-infected and tumor cells. KIR genes display extensive copy-number variation and allelic polymorphism. They organize in a...
| Autores: | , , , , , |
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| Formato: | artículo |
| Estado: | Versión publicada |
| Fecha de publicación: | 2020 |
| País: | España |
| Recursos: | Universitat Pompeu Fabra |
| Repositorio: | Repositorio Digital de la UPF |
| OAI Identifier: | oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/44401 |
| Acesso em linha: | http://hdl.handle.net/10230/44401 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2020.00440 |
| Access Level: | acceso abierto |
| Palavra-chave: | KIR NK cells Copy-number variation Genes Haplotypes Polymorphism |
| Resumo: | Inhibitory Killer-cell Immunoglobulin-like Receptors (KIR) specific for HLA class I molecules enable human natural killer cells to monitor altered antigen presentation in pathogen-infected and tumor cells. KIR genes display extensive copy-number variation and allelic polymorphism. They organize in a series of variable arrangements, designated KIR haplotypes, which derive from duplications of ancestral genes and sequence diversification through point mutation and unequal crossing-over events. Genomic studies have established the organization of multiple KIR haplotypes-many of them are fixed in most human populations, whereas variants of those have less certain distributions. Whilst KIR-gene diversity of many populations and ethnicities has been explored superficially (frequencies of individual genes and presence/absence profiles), less abundant are in-depth analyses of how such diversity emerges from KIR-haplotype structures. We characterize here the genetic diversity of KIR in a sample of 414 Spanish individuals. Using a parsimonious approach, we manage to explain all 38 observed KIR-gene profiles by homo- or heterozygous combinations of six fixed centromeric and telomeric motifs; of six variant gene arrangements characterized previously by us and others; and of two novel haplotypes never detected before in Caucasoids. Associated to the latter haplotypes, we also identified the novel transcribed KIR2DL5B * 0020202 allele, and a chimeric KIR2DS2/KIR2DL3 gene (designated KIR2DL3 * 033) that challenges current criteria for classification and nomenclature of KIR genes and haplotypes. |
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