Synergistic valorization of sewage sludge and lignin-rich lignocellulose via activated carbon-mediated Co-HTC: Enhancing hydrochar quality and its pyrolysis performance

This study provides mechanistic insights into the role of rice-husk-derived activated carbon (AC:Y, 5–25 wt%) during co-hydrothermal carbonization (co-HTC) of sewage sludge (SS) and lignin-rich lignocellulose (LC:X, 5–25 wt%) at 200 ◦C for 60 min, followed by pyrolysis of the resulting hydrochars (H...

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Bibliographic Details
Authors: Rizwan, Muhammad, Leghari, Asma, Mansoor, Adil, Sadiq, Hammad, Ali, Muhammad Frayad, Wang, Mingzhi, Song, Yueqin, Nawaz, Muhammad Asif, Zhou, Xiaolong
Format: article
Status:Published version
Publication Date:2026
Country:España
Institution:Universidad de Sevilla (US)
Repository:idUS. Depósito de Investigación de la Universidad de Sevilla
OAI Identifier:oai:dnet:idus________::03a57dc1afc527fa40b8ade7d42b92f3
Online Access:https://hdl.handle.net/11441/186259
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scca.2026.100188
Access Level:Open access
Keyword:Activated carbon
Co-hydrothermal carbonization
Hydrochar
Lignocellulose
Pyrolysis
Sewage sludge
Syngas production
Description
Summary:This study provides mechanistic insights into the role of rice-husk-derived activated carbon (AC:Y, 5–25 wt%) during co-hydrothermal carbonization (co-HTC) of sewage sludge (SS) and lignin-rich lignocellulose (LC:X, 5–25 wt%) at 200 ◦C for 60 min, followed by pyrolysis of the resulting hydrochars (HCs) between 500 ◦C-900 ◦C. Comprehensive characterization (FTIR, Raman, XPS, BET, SEM, TGA) of HC revealed that Y significantly enhanced its fuel quality and structural re-ordering. The optimized sample (SS-5X-5Y) showed higher carbon content (47.51 ± 0.092 %) and higher heating value (HHV:18.67 ± 0.038 MJ⋅kg⁻¹), and SS-25X-25Y demonstrated reduced ash content (24.60 ± 0.067 %) compared to SS-X alone. FTIR confirmed the presence of C=O (~1700 cm⁻¹), aromatic C=C (~1590 cm⁻¹), C–O (1200–1050 cm⁻¹), and S=O (~1100–1050 cm⁻¹) functionalities. Raman (ID/IG ↓ from 0.60 to 0.47) and XPS (C–C up to 78 %) indicated enhanced aromatic condensation and deoxygenation induced by Y. Pyrolytic products indicated that Y-mediated HCs promoted syngas-rich products, achieving 33–35 vol% H₂ and 45–49 vol% CO at 900 ◦C. This study establishes a robust framework for future investigation, particularly long-term combustion/gasification evaluations and detailed leaching behavior analysis, which will further validate the environmental stability, operational reliability, and broader techno-economic potential of Y-mediated HCs.