Conifer Forest Dynamics in the Iberian Pyrenees during the Middle Ages

This study compares the Medieval (ca. 400–1500 CE; Common Era) dynamics of forests from low-mountain (Montcortès; ca. 1000 m a.s.l.) and high-mountain (Sant Maurici; 1900 m a.s.l.) areas of the Iberian Pyrenees, both of which experienced similar climatic forcing but different anthropogenic pressures...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Rull, Valentí, Vegas-Vilarrúbia, Teresa
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2021
País:España
Institución:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
Repositorio:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
OAI Identifier:oai:digital.csic.es:10261/255346
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/10261/255346
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Palynology
Pyrenees
Middle Ages
Forest dynamics
Forest management
Resilience
Deforestation
Land use
Climate change
http://metadata.un.org/sdg/15
http://metadata.un.org/sdg/13
Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts
Protect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably manage forests, combat desertification, and halt and reverse land degradation and halt biodiversity loss
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oai_identifier_str oai:digital.csic.es:10261/255346
network_acronym_str ES
network_name_str España
repository_id_str
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Conifer Forest Dynamics in the Iberian Pyrenees during the Middle Ages
title Conifer Forest Dynamics in the Iberian Pyrenees during the Middle Ages
spellingShingle Conifer Forest Dynamics in the Iberian Pyrenees during the Middle Ages
Rull, Valentí
Palynology
Pyrenees
Middle Ages
Forest dynamics
Forest management
Resilience
Deforestation
Land use
Climate change
http://metadata.un.org/sdg/15
http://metadata.un.org/sdg/15
http://metadata.un.org/sdg/13
Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts
Protect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably manage forests, combat desertification, and halt and reverse land degradation and halt biodiversity loss
Protect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably manage forests, combat desertification, and halt and reverse land degradation and halt biodiversity loss
title_short Conifer Forest Dynamics in the Iberian Pyrenees during the Middle Ages
title_full Conifer Forest Dynamics in the Iberian Pyrenees during the Middle Ages
title_fullStr Conifer Forest Dynamics in the Iberian Pyrenees during the Middle Ages
title_full_unstemmed Conifer Forest Dynamics in the Iberian Pyrenees during the Middle Ages
title_sort Conifer Forest Dynamics in the Iberian Pyrenees during the Middle Ages
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Rull, Valentí
Vegas-Vilarrúbia, Teresa
author Rull, Valentí
author_facet Rull, Valentí
Vegas-Vilarrúbia, Teresa
author_role author
author2 Vegas-Vilarrúbia, Teresa
author2_role author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España)
Comisión Interministerial de Ciencia y Tecnología, CICYT (España)
Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España)
Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España)
Organismo Autónomo Parques Nacionales (España)
Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [https://ror.org/02gfc7t72]
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Palynology
Pyrenees
Middle Ages
Forest dynamics
Forest management
Resilience
Deforestation
Land use
Climate change
http://metadata.un.org/sdg/15
http://metadata.un.org/sdg/15
http://metadata.un.org/sdg/13
Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts
Protect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably manage forests, combat desertification, and halt and reverse land degradation and halt biodiversity loss
Protect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably manage forests, combat desertification, and halt and reverse land degradation and halt biodiversity loss
topic Palynology
Pyrenees
Middle Ages
Forest dynamics
Forest management
Resilience
Deforestation
Land use
Climate change
http://metadata.un.org/sdg/15
http://metadata.un.org/sdg/15
http://metadata.un.org/sdg/13
Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts
Protect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably manage forests, combat desertification, and halt and reverse land degradation and halt biodiversity loss
Protect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably manage forests, combat desertification, and halt and reverse land degradation and halt biodiversity loss
description This study compares the Medieval (ca. 400–1500 CE; Common Era) dynamics of forests from low-mountain (Montcortès; ca. 1000 m a.s.l.) and high-mountain (Sant Maurici; 1900 m a.s.l.) areas of the Iberian Pyrenees, both of which experienced similar climatic forcing but different anthropogenic pressures. The main aim is to identify forest changes over time and associate them with the corresponding climatic and anthropogenic drivers (or synergies among them) to test how different forests at different elevations respond to external forcings. This can be useful to evaluate the hypothesis of general Pyrenean deforestation during the Middle Ages leading to present-day landscapes and to improve the background for forest conservation. The study uses the palynological analysis of lake sediments, historical documents and paleoecological reconstructions based on pollen-independent proxies. The two sites studied showed different forest trajectories. The Montcortès area was subjected to intense human pressure during regional deforestation up to a maximum of ca. 1000 CE. Further forest recovery took place until the end of the Middle Ages due to a change in forest management, including the abandonment of slash-and-burn practices. Climatic shifts indirectly influenced forest trends by regulating human migrations and the resulting shifts in the type and intensity of forest exploitation. The highland Sant Maurici forests exhibited a remarkably long-standing constancy and an exceptional resilience to climatic shifts, which were unable to affect forest extension and composition, and to local human pressure, from which they rapidly recovered. The Montcortès and Sant Maurici records did not follow the rule of an irreversible forest clearing during the Middle Ages leading to present-day landscapes. The present Montcortès landscape was shaped after a Medieval forest recovery, new Modern-Age deforestation and further forest recovery during the last centuries. The Sant Maurici forests remained apparently untouched since the Bronze Age and were never cleared during the Middle Ages. The relevance of these findings for forest conservation is briefly addressed, and the need for the development of more high-resolution studies on Pyrenean forest dynamics is highlighted.
publishDate 2021
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2021
2021
2021
2021
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
Publisher's version
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/10261/255346
url http://hdl.handle.net/10261/255346
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
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info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/MINECO//CGL2016-7215-R
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2013-2016/CGL2017-85682-R
https://doi.org/10.3390/f12121685
Sí
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
instname:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
instname_str Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
reponame_str DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
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spelling Conifer Forest Dynamics in the Iberian Pyrenees during the Middle AgesRull, ValentíVegas-Vilarrúbia, TeresaPalynologyPyreneesMiddle AgesForest dynamicsForest managementResilienceDeforestationLand useClimate changehttp://metadata.un.org/sdg/15http://metadata.un.org/sdg/15http://metadata.un.org/sdg/13Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impactsProtect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably manage forests, combat desertification, and halt and reverse land degradation and halt biodiversity lossProtect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably manage forests, combat desertification, and halt and reverse land degradation and halt biodiversity lossThis study compares the Medieval (ca. 400–1500 CE; Common Era) dynamics of forests from low-mountain (Montcortès; ca. 1000 m a.s.l.) and high-mountain (Sant Maurici; 1900 m a.s.l.) areas of the Iberian Pyrenees, both of which experienced similar climatic forcing but different anthropogenic pressures. The main aim is to identify forest changes over time and associate them with the corresponding climatic and anthropogenic drivers (or synergies among them) to test how different forests at different elevations respond to external forcings. This can be useful to evaluate the hypothesis of general Pyrenean deforestation during the Middle Ages leading to present-day landscapes and to improve the background for forest conservation. The study uses the palynological analysis of lake sediments, historical documents and paleoecological reconstructions based on pollen-independent proxies. The two sites studied showed different forest trajectories. The Montcortès area was subjected to intense human pressure during regional deforestation up to a maximum of ca. 1000 CE. Further forest recovery took place until the end of the Middle Ages due to a change in forest management, including the abandonment of slash-and-burn practices. Climatic shifts indirectly influenced forest trends by regulating human migrations and the resulting shifts in the type and intensity of forest exploitation. The highland Sant Maurici forests exhibited a remarkably long-standing constancy and an exceptional resilience to climatic shifts, which were unable to affect forest extension and composition, and to local human pressure, from which they rapidly recovered. The Montcortès and Sant Maurici records did not follow the rule of an irreversible forest clearing during the Middle Ages leading to present-day landscapes. The present Montcortès landscape was shaped after a Medieval forest recovery, new Modern-Age deforestation and further forest recovery during the last centuries. The Sant Maurici forests remained apparently untouched since the Bronze Age and were never cleared during the Middle Ages. The relevance of these findings for forest conservation is briefly addressed, and the need for the development of more high-resolution studies on Pyrenean forest dynamics is highlighted.Lake Montcortès studies were funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Technology, projects REN2003-09130-C02-02 and CGL2016-7215-R and the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness, projects CGL2012-3665 and CGL2017-85682-R. Research on Lake Sant Maurici was funded by the Autonomous Organism of National Parks, projects OAPN-387/2011 and OAPN-24505/2017.Peer reviewedMultidisciplinary Digital Publishing InstituteMinisterio de Economía y Competitividad (España)Comisión Interministerial de Ciencia y Tecnología, CICYT (España)Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España)Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España)Organismo Autónomo Parques Nacionales (España)Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [https://ror.org/02gfc7t72]2021202120212021info:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501Publisher's versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/10261/255346reponame:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSICinstname:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)Inglés#PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE##PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE#info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/MINECO//CGL2016-7215-Rinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2013-2016/CGL2017-85682-Rhttps://doi.org/10.3390/f12121685Síinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:digital.csic.es:10261/2553462026-05-22T06:33:51Z
score 15.81155

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