Age and method of inoculation influence the infection of worker honey bees (apis mellifera) by nosema ceranae

The microsporidian parasite Nosema ceranae is a highly prevalent, global honey bee pathogen. Apis mellifera is considered to be a relatively recent host for this microsporidia, which raises questions as to how it affects its host’s physiology, behavior and longevity, both at the individual and colon...

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Autores: Urbieta-Magro, Almudena, Higes, Mariano, Meana, Aránzazu, Barrios, Laura, Martín-Hernández, Raquel
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2019
País:España
Institución:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
Repositorio:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
OAI Identifier:oai:digital.csic.es:10261/197164
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/10261/197164
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Apis mellifera
Nosema ceranae
host-parasite interactions
age of infection
epidemiology
method of infection
Parasite load
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spelling Age and method of inoculation influence the infection of worker honey bees (apis mellifera) by nosema ceranaeUrbieta-Magro, AlmudenaHiges, MarianoMeana, AránzazuBarrios, LauraMartín-Hernández, RaquelApis melliferaNosema ceranaehost-parasite interactionsage of infectionepidemiologymethod of infectionParasite loadThe microsporidian parasite Nosema ceranae is a highly prevalent, global honey bee pathogen. Apis mellifera is considered to be a relatively recent host for this microsporidia, which raises questions as to how it affects its host’s physiology, behavior and longevity, both at the individual and colony level. As such, honey bees were inoculated with fresh purified spores of this pathogen, both individually (Group A) or collectively (Group B) and they were studied from 0 to 15 days post-emergence (p.e.) to evaluate the effect of bee age and the method of inoculation at 7 days post-infection. The level of infection was analyzed individually by qPCR by measuring the relative amount of the N. ceranae polar tubule protein 3 (PTP3) gene. The results show that the bee’s age and the method of infection directly influence parasite load, and thus, early disease development. Significant differences were found regarding bee age at the time of infection, whereby the youngest bees (new-born and 1 day p.e.) developed the highest parasite load, with this load decreasing dramatically in bees infected at 2 days p.e. before increasing again in bees infected at 3–4 days p.e. The parasite load in bees infected when older than 4 days p.e. diminished as they aged. When the age cohort data was pooled and grouped according to the method of infection, a significantly higher mean concentration and lower variation in N. ceranae infection was evident in Group A, indicating greater variation in experimental infection when spores were administered collectively to bees through their food. In summary, these data indicate that both biological and experimental factors should be taken into consideration when comparing data published in the literature.This research was funded by The National Institute for Agricultural and Food Research and Technology (INIA) and FEDER funds (RTA2015-00013-C03-01 and RTA2012-00076-C02-01).Peer reviewedMultidisciplinary Digital Publishing InstituteCSIC - Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA)European CommissionMinisterio de Economía y Competitividad (España)Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [https://ror.org/02gfc7t72]2019201920192019info:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501Publisher's versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://hdl.handle.net/10261/197164reponame:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSICinstname:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)Ingléshttps://doi.org/10.3390/insects10120417Síinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:digital.csic.es:10261/1971642026-05-22T06:33:51Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Age and method of inoculation influence the infection of worker honey bees (apis mellifera) by nosema ceranae
title Age and method of inoculation influence the infection of worker honey bees (apis mellifera) by nosema ceranae
spellingShingle Age and method of inoculation influence the infection of worker honey bees (apis mellifera) by nosema ceranae
Urbieta-Magro, Almudena
Apis mellifera
Nosema ceranae
host-parasite interactions
age of infection
epidemiology
method of infection
Parasite load
title_short Age and method of inoculation influence the infection of worker honey bees (apis mellifera) by nosema ceranae
title_full Age and method of inoculation influence the infection of worker honey bees (apis mellifera) by nosema ceranae
title_fullStr Age and method of inoculation influence the infection of worker honey bees (apis mellifera) by nosema ceranae
title_full_unstemmed Age and method of inoculation influence the infection of worker honey bees (apis mellifera) by nosema ceranae
title_sort Age and method of inoculation influence the infection of worker honey bees (apis mellifera) by nosema ceranae
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Urbieta-Magro, Almudena
Higes, Mariano
Meana, Aránzazu
Barrios, Laura
Martín-Hernández, Raquel
author Urbieta-Magro, Almudena
author_facet Urbieta-Magro, Almudena
Higes, Mariano
Meana, Aránzazu
Barrios, Laura
Martín-Hernández, Raquel
author_role author
author2 Higes, Mariano
Meana, Aránzazu
Barrios, Laura
Martín-Hernández, Raquel
author2_role author
author
author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv CSIC - Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA)
European Commission
Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España)
Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [https://ror.org/02gfc7t72]
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Apis mellifera
Nosema ceranae
host-parasite interactions
age of infection
epidemiology
method of infection
Parasite load
topic Apis mellifera
Nosema ceranae
host-parasite interactions
age of infection
epidemiology
method of infection
Parasite load
description The microsporidian parasite Nosema ceranae is a highly prevalent, global honey bee pathogen. Apis mellifera is considered to be a relatively recent host for this microsporidia, which raises questions as to how it affects its host’s physiology, behavior and longevity, both at the individual and colony level. As such, honey bees were inoculated with fresh purified spores of this pathogen, both individually (Group A) or collectively (Group B) and they were studied from 0 to 15 days post-emergence (p.e.) to evaluate the effect of bee age and the method of inoculation at 7 days post-infection. The level of infection was analyzed individually by qPCR by measuring the relative amount of the N. ceranae polar tubule protein 3 (PTP3) gene. The results show that the bee’s age and the method of infection directly influence parasite load, and thus, early disease development. Significant differences were found regarding bee age at the time of infection, whereby the youngest bees (new-born and 1 day p.e.) developed the highest parasite load, with this load decreasing dramatically in bees infected at 2 days p.e. before increasing again in bees infected at 3–4 days p.e. The parasite load in bees infected when older than 4 days p.e. diminished as they aged. When the age cohort data was pooled and grouped according to the method of infection, a significantly higher mean concentration and lower variation in N. ceranae infection was evident in Group A, indicating greater variation in experimental infection when spores were administered collectively to bees through their food. In summary, these data indicate that both biological and experimental factors should be taken into consideration when comparing data published in the literature.
publishDate 2019
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2019
2019
2019
2019
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
Publisher's version
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/10261/197164
url http://hdl.handle.net/10261/197164
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv https://doi.org/10.3390/insects10120417
Sí
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
instname:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
instname_str Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
reponame_str DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
collection DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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score 15.300724

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