On the effects of the spanwise length on the flow past an airfoil in stall at moderate Reynolds numbers

This study investigates the influence of the spanwise periodic domain length Lz on the accuracy of numerical simulations of flow past an SD7003 airfoil (Selig–Donovan series) in post-stall conditions at an angle of attack a =14º and Reynolds number Rec = 60000. Large eddy simulations and direct nume...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Montalà Sales, Ricard|||0009-0000-7911-7102, Lehmkuhl Barba, Oriol|||0000-0002-2670-1871, Rodríguez Pérez, Ivette María|||0000-0002-3749-277X
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2026
País:España
Institución:Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC)
Repositorio:UPCommons. Portal del coneixement obert de la UPC
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:dnet:upcommonspor::484673a1d0e68bc44b7909e7d16dad05
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/2117/460933
https://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0317006
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Large-eddy simulations
Direct numerical simulations
Airfoil aerodynamics
Turbulent flow
Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Física::Física de fluids
Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Aeronàutica i espai::Aerodinàmica
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spelling On the effects of the spanwise length on the flow past an airfoil in stall at moderate Reynolds numbersMontalà Sales, Ricard|||0009-0000-7911-7102Lehmkuhl Barba, Oriol|||0000-0002-2670-1871Rodríguez Pérez, Ivette María|||0000-0002-3749-277XLarge-eddy simulationsDirect numerical simulationsAirfoil aerodynamicsTurbulent flowÀrees temàtiques de la UPC::Física::Física de fluidsÀrees temàtiques de la UPC::Aeronàutica i espai::AerodinàmicaThis study investigates the influence of the spanwise periodic domain length Lz on the accuracy of numerical simulations of flow past an SD7003 airfoil (Selig–Donovan series) in post-stall conditions at an angle of attack a =14º and Reynolds number Rec = 60000. Large eddy simulations and direct numerical simulations are performed for spanwise extents ranging from Lz/c =0.2 to 2.0 to evaluate their impact on flow dynamics, aerodynamic forces, and wake characteristics. The results demonstrate a strong sensitivity of key flow features and aerodynamic coefficients to the chosen spanwise length. Domains that are too short artificially constrain three-dimensional flow structures, leading to significant overprediction of drag, lift, and unsteady lift fluctuations. This behavior is attributed to trailing-edge flow structures being forced into an unrealistically coherent spanwise configuration, which inhibits their natural three-dimensional breakdown in the wake. Analyses based on two-point correlations and flow statistics indicate that a minimum spanwise length of Lz/c ≥ 0:8 is necessary to capture the largest turbulent scales, reduce the influence of periodic boundary conditions, and obtain accurate predictions of unsteady aerodynamic forces. The findings further suggest that previous high-fidelity studies, which used Lz/c = 0.2 for computational efficiency, were insufficient to represent the full three-dimensional complexity of post-stall flow.This research has received financial support from the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación of Spain (Nos. PID2023-150408OB-C21 and PID2023-150408OB-C22). The authors also acknowledge the support of the Agència d’Ajuts Universitaris i Recerca of the Generalitat de Catalunya to the research groups Large-scale Computational Fluid Dynamics (No. 2021 SGR 00902) and Turbulence and Aerodynamics Research Group (No. 2021 SGR 01051). Furthermore, simulations were conducted with the assistance of the Red Española de Supercomputacióon (RES) and the European High Performance Computing Joint Undertaking (EuroHPC), who granted us computational resources at the HPC facilities of MareNostrum IV, at Barcelona Supercomputing Center (Nos. IM-2024-2-0004, IM-2024-3- 0005, and EHPC-REG-2024R01-038). Finally, R. Montalà would like to express gratitude to the Departament de Recerca i Universitats de la Generalitat de Catalunya for awarding the FI-SDUR grant (No. 2022 FISDU 00066), which supports his doctoral studies.Peer Reviewed9 - Indústria, Innovació i Infraestructura7 - Energia Assequible i No ContaminantAmerican Institute of Physics (AIP)20262026-04-1620262026-04-23journal articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501VoRhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85info:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttps://hdl.handle.net/2117/460933https://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0317006reponame:UPCommons. Portal del coneixement obert de la UPCinstname:Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC)InglésengAgencia Estatal de Investigación http://doi.org/10.13039/501100011033 Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2021-2023 PID2023-150408OB-C22 HACIA UNA PRUEBA DE CONCEPTO PARA LA AVIACION SOSTENIBLE DE TECNICAS DE APRENDIZAJE PROFUNDO POR REFUERZO: DESDE ESCENARIOS ACADEMICOS HASTA SITUACIONES DEL MUNDO REAL.open accesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Attribution 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:dnet:upcommonspor::484673a1d0e68bc44b7909e7d16dad052026-05-27T15:37:01Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv On the effects of the spanwise length on the flow past an airfoil in stall at moderate Reynolds numbers
title On the effects of the spanwise length on the flow past an airfoil in stall at moderate Reynolds numbers
spellingShingle On the effects of the spanwise length on the flow past an airfoil in stall at moderate Reynolds numbers
Montalà Sales, Ricard|||0009-0000-7911-7102
Large-eddy simulations
Direct numerical simulations
Airfoil aerodynamics
Turbulent flow
Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Física::Física de fluids
Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Aeronàutica i espai::Aerodinàmica
title_short On the effects of the spanwise length on the flow past an airfoil in stall at moderate Reynolds numbers
title_full On the effects of the spanwise length on the flow past an airfoil in stall at moderate Reynolds numbers
title_fullStr On the effects of the spanwise length on the flow past an airfoil in stall at moderate Reynolds numbers
title_full_unstemmed On the effects of the spanwise length on the flow past an airfoil in stall at moderate Reynolds numbers
title_sort On the effects of the spanwise length on the flow past an airfoil in stall at moderate Reynolds numbers
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Montalà Sales, Ricard|||0009-0000-7911-7102
Lehmkuhl Barba, Oriol|||0000-0002-2670-1871
Rodríguez Pérez, Ivette María|||0000-0002-3749-277X
author Montalà Sales, Ricard|||0009-0000-7911-7102
author_facet Montalà Sales, Ricard|||0009-0000-7911-7102
Lehmkuhl Barba, Oriol|||0000-0002-2670-1871
Rodríguez Pérez, Ivette María|||0000-0002-3749-277X
author_role author
author2 Lehmkuhl Barba, Oriol|||0000-0002-2670-1871
Rodríguez Pérez, Ivette María|||0000-0002-3749-277X
author2_role author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Large-eddy simulations
Direct numerical simulations
Airfoil aerodynamics
Turbulent flow
Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Física::Física de fluids
Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Aeronàutica i espai::Aerodinàmica
topic Large-eddy simulations
Direct numerical simulations
Airfoil aerodynamics
Turbulent flow
Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Física::Física de fluids
Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Aeronàutica i espai::Aerodinàmica
description This study investigates the influence of the spanwise periodic domain length Lz on the accuracy of numerical simulations of flow past an SD7003 airfoil (Selig–Donovan series) in post-stall conditions at an angle of attack a =14º and Reynolds number Rec = 60000. Large eddy simulations and direct numerical simulations are performed for spanwise extents ranging from Lz/c =0.2 to 2.0 to evaluate their impact on flow dynamics, aerodynamic forces, and wake characteristics. The results demonstrate a strong sensitivity of key flow features and aerodynamic coefficients to the chosen spanwise length. Domains that are too short artificially constrain three-dimensional flow structures, leading to significant overprediction of drag, lift, and unsteady lift fluctuations. This behavior is attributed to trailing-edge flow structures being forced into an unrealistically coherent spanwise configuration, which inhibits their natural three-dimensional breakdown in the wake. Analyses based on two-point correlations and flow statistics indicate that a minimum spanwise length of Lz/c ≥ 0:8 is necessary to capture the largest turbulent scales, reduce the influence of periodic boundary conditions, and obtain accurate predictions of unsteady aerodynamic forces. The findings further suggest that previous high-fidelity studies, which used Lz/c = 0.2 for computational efficiency, were insufficient to represent the full three-dimensional complexity of post-stall flow.
publishDate 2026
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2026
2026-04-16
2026
2026-04-23
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv journal article
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
VoR
http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85
dc.type.openaire.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
format article
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv https://hdl.handle.net/2117/460933
https://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0317006
url https://hdl.handle.net/2117/460933
https://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0317006
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
eng
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
language eng
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv Agencia Estatal de Investigación http://doi.org/10.13039/501100011033 Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2021-2023 PID2023-150408OB-C22 HACIA UNA PRUEBA DE CONCEPTO PARA LA AVIACION SOSTENIBLE DE TECNICAS DE APRENDIZAJE PROFUNDO POR REFUERZO: DESDE ESCENARIOS ACADEMICOS HASTA SITUACIONES DEL MUNDO REAL.
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv open access
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
Attribution 4.0 International
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.rights.openaire.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv open access
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
Attribution 4.0 International
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv American Institute of Physics (AIP)
publisher.none.fl_str_mv American Institute of Physics (AIP)
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:UPCommons. Portal del coneixement obert de la UPC
instname:Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC)
instname_str Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC)
reponame_str UPCommons. Portal del coneixement obert de la UPC
collection UPCommons. Portal del coneixement obert de la UPC
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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score 15,811543

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