Characterization of Antimicrobial Resistance in Escherichia coli Isolated from Diarrheic and Healthy Weaned Pigs in Catalonia

Postweaning diarrhea (PWD) is a significant concern in the swine industry, causing substantial economic losses due to decreased growth rates, increased mortality, and the extensive use of antimicrobials. Certain Escherichia coli (E. coli) pathovars are frequently implicated in PWD cases among piglet...

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Authors: Garcias Puigserver, Biel|||0000-0002-5514-1316, Martín Castillo, Margarita|||0000-0003-4370-6700, Darwich Soliva, Laila|||0000-0001-9027-9452
Format: article
Publication Date:2024
Country:España
Institution:Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
Repository:Dipòsit Digital de Documents de la UAB
Language:English
OAI Identifier:oai:ddd.uab.cat:289336
Online Access:https://ddd.uab.cat/record/289336
https://dx.doi.org/urn:doi:10.3390/ani14030487
Access Level:Open access
Keyword:Escherichia coli
Antimicrobial resistance
Postweaning diarrhea
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oai_identifier_str oai:ddd.uab.cat:289336
network_acronym_str ES
network_name_str España
repository_id_str
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Characterization of Antimicrobial Resistance in Escherichia coli Isolated from Diarrheic and Healthy Weaned Pigs in Catalonia
title Characterization of Antimicrobial Resistance in Escherichia coli Isolated from Diarrheic and Healthy Weaned Pigs in Catalonia
spellingShingle Characterization of Antimicrobial Resistance in Escherichia coli Isolated from Diarrheic and Healthy Weaned Pigs in Catalonia
Garcias Puigserver, Biel|||0000-0002-5514-1316
Escherichia coli
Antimicrobial resistance
Postweaning diarrhea
title_short Characterization of Antimicrobial Resistance in Escherichia coli Isolated from Diarrheic and Healthy Weaned Pigs in Catalonia
title_full Characterization of Antimicrobial Resistance in Escherichia coli Isolated from Diarrheic and Healthy Weaned Pigs in Catalonia
title_fullStr Characterization of Antimicrobial Resistance in Escherichia coli Isolated from Diarrheic and Healthy Weaned Pigs in Catalonia
title_full_unstemmed Characterization of Antimicrobial Resistance in Escherichia coli Isolated from Diarrheic and Healthy Weaned Pigs in Catalonia
title_sort Characterization of Antimicrobial Resistance in Escherichia coli Isolated from Diarrheic and Healthy Weaned Pigs in Catalonia
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Garcias Puigserver, Biel|||0000-0002-5514-1316
Martín Castillo, Margarita|||0000-0003-4370-6700
Darwich Soliva, Laila|||0000-0001-9027-9452
author Garcias Puigserver, Biel|||0000-0002-5514-1316
author_facet Garcias Puigserver, Biel|||0000-0002-5514-1316
Martín Castillo, Margarita|||0000-0003-4370-6700
Darwich Soliva, Laila|||0000-0001-9027-9452
author_role author
author2 Martín Castillo, Margarita|||0000-0003-4370-6700
Darwich Soliva, Laila|||0000-0001-9027-9452
author2_role author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Escherichia coli
Antimicrobial resistance
Postweaning diarrhea
topic Escherichia coli
Antimicrobial resistance
Postweaning diarrhea
description Postweaning diarrhea (PWD) is a significant concern in the swine industry, causing substantial economic losses due to decreased growth rates, increased mortality, and the extensive use of antimicrobials. Certain Escherichia coli (E. coli) pathovars are frequently implicated in PWD cases among piglets. Regular surveillance and testing of E. coli susceptibility to different antimicrobials is essential. This helps veterinarians and farmers select appropriate treatments, avoid unnecessary antibiotic use, and prevent the further spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Herein, we tested the susceptibility to fourteen antimicrobials of 251 E. coli strains isolated from fecal samples of diarrheic (n = 148) and apparently healthy piglets (n = 103) in farms in Catalonia. The results of this study showed that 41.4% of the E. coli were multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains, presenting high resistance to conventional veterinary antimicrobials such as erythromycin, amoxicillin, streptomycin, tetracycline, lincospectin, sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim, and florfenicol. A special concern was also observed for human last-resort antimicrobials, like quinolones and colistin. Moreover, pigs suffering from diarrhea had a higher frequency of infection with MDR strains than the healthy ones. To reduce the incidence and impact of PWD in pig herds, optimization of antimicrobial therapies had to be implemented with other strategies, such as good hygiene practices, optimizing nutrition, managing stress levels, and employing proper vaccination protocols. Postweaning diarrhea (PWD) is a multifactorial concern in the swine industry that leads to high antibiotic consumption, usually without testing susceptibility, increasing the risk of the selection of Escherichia coli -resistant strains. In this study, 251 E. coli strains isolated from fecal samples of diarrheic (n = 148) and apparently healthy piglets (n = 103) in farms in Catalonia were tested against their susceptibility to fourteen different antimicrobials. The phenotypic antimicrobial resistance (AMR) testing revealed high levels of AMR, with 41.4% of the isolates presenting a multidrug-resistant (MDR) profile. More specifically, resistance to class D (prudence) antimicrobials such as erythromycin (99.6%), amoxicillin (95.2%), streptomycin (91.6%), tetracycline (88.8%), lincospectin (64.5%), and sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (60%) was very high, as well as to class C (caution) antimicrobials such as florfenicol (45%). A special concern was observed for antimicrobial category B (restrict), like quinolones and colistin, that both presented a high rate of resistance. Colistin use was substantially reduced in Spain, but resistance is still present in weaned pigs, presenting a MIC90 of 4 μg/mL. This suggests that reducing antibiotic use is not enough to eliminate this AMR. Finally, it was found that piglets suffering diarrhea were more commonly carriers of MDR strains than the healthy ones (49.3% vs. 35%, p = 0.031). Therefore, given the high rates of resistance to the most commonly used antimicrobials, especially in diseased pigs, a new non-antibiotic-based approach should be implemented for the management of PWD.
publishDate 2024
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2
2024-01-01
2024
2024-01-01
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv Article
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
VoR
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dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv https://ddd.uab.cat/record/289336
https://dx.doi.org/urn:doi:10.3390/ani14030487
url https://ddd.uab.cat/record/289336
https://dx.doi.org/urn:doi:10.3390/ani14030487
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
eng
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
language eng
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv Generalitat de Catalunya https://doi.org/10.13039/501100002809 FI-SDUR-2020
Agencia Estatal de Investigación https://doi.org/10.13039/501100011033 RTI2018-095586-B-C22
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv open access
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
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dc.rights.openaire.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
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dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:Dipòsit Digital de Documents de la UAB
instname:Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
instname_str Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
reponame_str Dipòsit Digital de Documents de la UAB
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spelling Characterization of Antimicrobial Resistance in Escherichia coli Isolated from Diarrheic and Healthy Weaned Pigs in CataloniaGarcias Puigserver, Biel|||0000-0002-5514-1316Martín Castillo, Margarita|||0000-0003-4370-6700Darwich Soliva, Laila|||0000-0001-9027-9452Escherichia coliAntimicrobial resistancePostweaning diarrheaPostweaning diarrhea (PWD) is a significant concern in the swine industry, causing substantial economic losses due to decreased growth rates, increased mortality, and the extensive use of antimicrobials. Certain Escherichia coli (E. coli) pathovars are frequently implicated in PWD cases among piglets. Regular surveillance and testing of E. coli susceptibility to different antimicrobials is essential. This helps veterinarians and farmers select appropriate treatments, avoid unnecessary antibiotic use, and prevent the further spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Herein, we tested the susceptibility to fourteen antimicrobials of 251 E. coli strains isolated from fecal samples of diarrheic (n = 148) and apparently healthy piglets (n = 103) in farms in Catalonia. The results of this study showed that 41.4% of the E. coli were multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains, presenting high resistance to conventional veterinary antimicrobials such as erythromycin, amoxicillin, streptomycin, tetracycline, lincospectin, sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim, and florfenicol. A special concern was also observed for human last-resort antimicrobials, like quinolones and colistin. Moreover, pigs suffering from diarrhea had a higher frequency of infection with MDR strains than the healthy ones. To reduce the incidence and impact of PWD in pig herds, optimization of antimicrobial therapies had to be implemented with other strategies, such as good hygiene practices, optimizing nutrition, managing stress levels, and employing proper vaccination protocols. Postweaning diarrhea (PWD) is a multifactorial concern in the swine industry that leads to high antibiotic consumption, usually without testing susceptibility, increasing the risk of the selection of Escherichia coli -resistant strains. In this study, 251 E. coli strains isolated from fecal samples of diarrheic (n = 148) and apparently healthy piglets (n = 103) in farms in Catalonia were tested against their susceptibility to fourteen different antimicrobials. The phenotypic antimicrobial resistance (AMR) testing revealed high levels of AMR, with 41.4% of the isolates presenting a multidrug-resistant (MDR) profile. More specifically, resistance to class D (prudence) antimicrobials such as erythromycin (99.6%), amoxicillin (95.2%), streptomycin (91.6%), tetracycline (88.8%), lincospectin (64.5%), and sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (60%) was very high, as well as to class C (caution) antimicrobials such as florfenicol (45%). A special concern was observed for antimicrobial category B (restrict), like quinolones and colistin, that both presented a high rate of resistance. Colistin use was substantially reduced in Spain, but resistance is still present in weaned pigs, presenting a MIC90 of 4 μg/mL. This suggests that reducing antibiotic use is not enough to eliminate this AMR. Finally, it was found that piglets suffering diarrhea were more commonly carriers of MDR strains than the healthy ones (49.3% vs. 35%, p = 0.031). Therefore, given the high rates of resistance to the most commonly used antimicrobials, especially in diseased pigs, a new non-antibiotic-based approach should be implemented for the management of PWD. 22024-01-0120242024-01-01Articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501VoRhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85info:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttps://ddd.uab.cat/record/289336https://dx.doi.org/urn:doi:10.3390/ani14030487reponame:Dipòsit Digital de Documents de la UABinstname:Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonaInglésengGeneralitat de Catalunya https://doi.org/10.13039/501100002809 FI-SDUR-2020Agencia Estatal de Investigación https://doi.org/10.13039/501100011033 RTI2018-095586-B-C22open accesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Aquest document està subjecte a una llicència d'ús Creative Commons. Es permet la reproducció total o parcial, la distribució, la comunicació pública de l'obra i la creació d'obres derivades, fins i tot amb finalitats comercials, sempre i quan es reconegui l'autoria de l'obra original.https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:ddd.uab.cat:2893362026-06-06T12:50:31Z
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