Seasonal Variations in Atmospheric Composition as Measured in Gale Crater, Mars

The atmosphere of Mars is made up of primarily carbon dioxide, and during the Martian year, the barometric pressure is known to cycle up and down substantially as this carbon dioxide freezes out and then is rereleased from polar caps. The Mars Science Laboratory Curiosity rover has now acquired atmo...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Trainer, M. G., Wong, Michael H., McConnochie, Timothy, Franz, H. B., Atreya, S. K., Conrad, Pamela G., Lefèvre, F., Mahaffy, Paul R., Malespin, C. A., Manning, H. L. K., Martín Torres, Javier, Martínez, Germán M., McKay, Christopher P., Navarro González, R., Vicente Retortillo, Álvaro, Webster, Christopher R., Zorzano, María-Paz
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2019
País:España
Institución:Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA)
Repositorio:DIGITAL.INTA Repositorio Digital del Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial
OAI Identifier:oai:digital.inta.es:20.500.12666/335
Acceso en línea:https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1029/2019JE006175
http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12666/335
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Atmospheric Composition
Mars atmosphere
Mars seasonal cycle
Mars science laboratory
Sample analysis at Mars
Descripción
Sumario:The atmosphere of Mars is made up of primarily carbon dioxide, and during the Martian year, the barometric pressure is known to cycle up and down substantially as this carbon dioxide freezes out and then is rereleased from polar caps. The Mars Science Laboratory Curiosity rover has now acquired atmospheric composition measurements at the ground over multiple years, capturing the variations in the major gases over several seasonal cycles for the first time. With the Sample Analysis at Mars instrument, the annual average composition in Gale Crater was measured as 95.1% carbon dioxide, 2.59% nitrogen, 1.94% argon, 0.161% oxygen, and 0.058% carbon monoxide. However, the abundances of some of these gases were observed to vary up to 40% throughout the year due to the seasonal cycle. Nitrogen and argon follow the pressure changes but with a delay, indicating that transport of the atmosphere from pole to pole occurs on faster timescales than mixing of the components. Oxygen has been observed to show significant seasonal and year‐to‐year variability, suggesting an unknown atmospheric or surface process at work. These data can be used to better understand how the surface and atmosphere interact as we search for signs of habitability.