Tumor Associated Fibroblasts Promote HER2-Targeted Therapy Resistance through FGFR2 Activation

Purpose: Despite the therapeutic success of existing HER2-targeted therapies, tumors invariably relapse. This study aimed at identifying new mechanisms responsible for HER2-targeted therapy resistance. Experimental design: We have used a platform of HER2-targeted therapy-resistant cell lines and pri...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Fernández Nogueira, Patricia, Mancino, Mario, Fuster Orellana, Gemma, López Plana, Anna, Jauregui, Patricia, Almendro Navarro, Vanessa, Enreig, Estel, Menéndez, Silvia, Rojo, Federico, Noguera Castells, Aleix, Bill, Anke, Gaither, L. Alex, Serrano, Laia, Recalde Percaz, Leire, Moragas Garcia, Núria, Alonso, Raul, Ametller, Elisabet, Rovira, Ana, Lluch, Ana, Albanell Mestres, Joan, Gascon, Pere, Bragado Domingo, Paloma
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión aceptada para publicación
Fecha de publicación:2019
País:España
Institución:Universidad de Barcelona
Repositorio:Dipòsit Digital de la UB
OAI Identifier:oai:diposit.ub.edu:2445/218017
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/2445/218017
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Resistència als medicaments
Fibroblasts
Transducció de senyal cel·lular
Dianes farmacològiques
Càncer de mama
Drug resistance
Cellular signal transduction
Drug targeting
Breast cancer
Descripción
Sumario:Purpose: Despite the therapeutic success of existing HER2-targeted therapies, tumors invariably relapse. This study aimed at identifying new mechanisms responsible for HER2-targeted therapy resistance. Experimental design: We have used a platform of HER2-targeted therapy-resistant cell lines and primary cultures of healthy and tumor-associated fibroblasts (TAF) to identify new potential targets related to tumor escape from anti-HER2 therapies. Results: We have shown that TAFs promote resistance to HER2-targeted therapies. TAFs produce and secrete high levels of FGF5, which induces FGFR2 activation in the surrounding breast cancer cells. FGFR2 transactivates HER2 via c-Src, leading to resistance to HER2-targeted therapies. In vivo, coinoculating nonresistant cell lines with TAFs results in more aggressive and resistant tumors. Resistant cells activate fibroblasts and secrete FGFR ligands, creating a positive feedback loop that fuels resistance. FGFR2 inhibition not only inhibits HER2 activation, but also induces apoptosis in cells resistant to HER2-targeted therapies. In vivo, inhibitors of FGFR2 reverse resistance and resensitize resistant cells to HER2-targeted therapies. In HER2 patients' samples, α-SMA, FGF5, and FGFR2 contribute to poor outcome and correlate with c-Src activation. Importantly, expression of FGF5 and phospho-HER2 correlated with a reduced pathologic complete response rate in patients with HER2-positive breast cancer treated with neoadjuvant trastuzumab, which highlights the significant role of TAFs/FGF5 in HER2 breast cancer progression and resistance. Conclusions: We have identified the TAF/FGF5/FGFR2/c-Src/HER2 axis as an escape pathway responsible for HER2-targeted therapy resistance in breast cancer, which can be reversed by FGFR inhibitors.