Larger gray matter volume in the basal ganglia of heavy cannabis users detected by voxel-based morphometry and subcortical volumetric analysis
Background: Structural imaging studies of cannabis users have found evidence of both cortical and subcortical volume reductions, especially in cannabinoid receptor-rich regions such as the hippocampus and amygdala. However, the findings have not been consistent. In the present study, we examined a s...
| Autores: | , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Tipo de documento: | artigo |
| Estado: | Versão publicada |
| Data de publicação: | 2018 |
| País: | España |
| Recursos: | Varias* (Consorci de Biblioteques Universitáries de Catalunya, Centre de Serveis Científics i Acadèmics de Catalunya) |
| Repositório: | Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya |
| OAI Identifier: | oai:recercat.cat:10230/37161 |
| Acesso em linha: | http://hdl.handle.net/10230/37161 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00175 |
| Access Level: | Acceso aberto |
| Palavra-chave: | Cannabis -- Efectes fisiològics MRI Basal ganglia Cannabis Long-term users Voxel-based morphometry |
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Larger gray matter volume in the basal ganglia of heavy cannabis users detected by voxel-based morphometry and subcortical volumetric analysisMoreno Alcázar, AnaGonzalvo, BegoñaCanales-Rodrıguez, Erick J.Blanco Hinojo, Laura, 1981-Bachiller, DianaRomaguera, AnnaMonté-Rubio, Gemma C.Roncero, CarlosMcKenna, Peter J.Pomarol-Clotet, EdithCannabis -- Efectes fisiològicsMRIBasal gangliaCannabisLong-term usersVoxel-based morphometryBackground: Structural imaging studies of cannabis users have found evidence of both cortical and subcortical volume reductions, especially in cannabinoid receptor-rich regions such as the hippocampus and amygdala. However, the findings have not been consistent. In the present study, we examined a sample of adult heavy cannabis users without other substance abuse to determine whether long-term use is associated with brain structural changes, especially in the subcortical regions. Method: We compared the gray matter volume of 14 long-term, heavy cannabis users with non-using controls. To provide robust findings, we conducted two separate studies using two different MRI techniques. Each study used the same sample of cannabis users and a different control group, respectively. Both control groups were independent of each other. First, whole-brain voxel-based morphometry (VBM) was used to compare the cannabis users against 28 matched controls (HC1 group). Second, a volumetric analysis of subcortical regions was performed to assess differences between the cannabis users and a sample of 100 matched controls (HC2 group) obtained from a local database of healthy volunteers. Results: The VBM study revealed that, compared to the control group HC1, the cannabis users did not show cortical differences nor smaller volume in any subcortical structure but showed a cluster (p < 0.001) of larger GM volume in the basal ganglia, involving the caudate, putamen, pallidum, and nucleus accumbens, bilaterally. The subcortical volumetric analysis revealed that, compared to the control group HC2, the cannabis users showed significantly larger volumes in the putamen (p = 0.001) and pallidum (p = 0.0015). Subtle trends, only significant at the uncorrected level, were also found in the caudate (p = 0.05) and nucleus accumbens (p = 0.047). Conclusions: This study does not support previous findings of hippocampal and/or amygdala structural changes in long-term, heavy cannabis users. It does, however, provide evidence of basal ganglia volume increases.Frontiers201920192018info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionapplication/pdfapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/10230/37161http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00175reponame:Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunyainstname:Varias* (Consorci de Biblioteques Universitáries de Catalunya, Centre de Serveis Científics i Acadèmics de Catalunya)InglésFrontiers in Psychiatry. 2018 May 3;9:175Copyright © 2018 Moreno-Alcázar, Gonzalvo, Canales-Rodríguez,Blanco, Bachiller,Romaguera, Monté-Rubio, Roncero, McKenna and Pomarol-Clotet. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons AttributionLicense (CC BY). https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted,provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner are credited and that theoriginal publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academicpractice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not complywith these terms.https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:recercat.cat:10230/371612026-05-29T05:05:01Z |
| dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Larger gray matter volume in the basal ganglia of heavy cannabis users detected by voxel-based morphometry and subcortical volumetric analysis |
| title |
Larger gray matter volume in the basal ganglia of heavy cannabis users detected by voxel-based morphometry and subcortical volumetric analysis |
| spellingShingle |
Larger gray matter volume in the basal ganglia of heavy cannabis users detected by voxel-based morphometry and subcortical volumetric analysis Moreno Alcázar, Ana Cannabis -- Efectes fisiològics MRI Basal ganglia Cannabis Long-term users Voxel-based morphometry |
| title_short |
Larger gray matter volume in the basal ganglia of heavy cannabis users detected by voxel-based morphometry and subcortical volumetric analysis |
| title_full |
Larger gray matter volume in the basal ganglia of heavy cannabis users detected by voxel-based morphometry and subcortical volumetric analysis |
| title_fullStr |
Larger gray matter volume in the basal ganglia of heavy cannabis users detected by voxel-based morphometry and subcortical volumetric analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Larger gray matter volume in the basal ganglia of heavy cannabis users detected by voxel-based morphometry and subcortical volumetric analysis |
| title_sort |
Larger gray matter volume in the basal ganglia of heavy cannabis users detected by voxel-based morphometry and subcortical volumetric analysis |
| dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv |
Moreno Alcázar, Ana Gonzalvo, Begoña Canales-Rodrıguez, Erick J. Blanco Hinojo, Laura, 1981- Bachiller, Diana Romaguera, Anna Monté-Rubio, Gemma C. Roncero, Carlos McKenna, Peter J. Pomarol-Clotet, Edith |
| author |
Moreno Alcázar, Ana |
| author_facet |
Moreno Alcázar, Ana Gonzalvo, Begoña Canales-Rodrıguez, Erick J. Blanco Hinojo, Laura, 1981- Bachiller, Diana Romaguera, Anna Monté-Rubio, Gemma C. Roncero, Carlos McKenna, Peter J. Pomarol-Clotet, Edith |
| author_role |
author |
| author2 |
Gonzalvo, Begoña Canales-Rodrıguez, Erick J. Blanco Hinojo, Laura, 1981- Bachiller, Diana Romaguera, Anna Monté-Rubio, Gemma C. Roncero, Carlos McKenna, Peter J. Pomarol-Clotet, Edith |
| author2_role |
author author author author author author author author author |
| dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv |
Cannabis -- Efectes fisiològics MRI Basal ganglia Cannabis Long-term users Voxel-based morphometry |
| topic |
Cannabis -- Efectes fisiològics MRI Basal ganglia Cannabis Long-term users Voxel-based morphometry |
| description |
Background: Structural imaging studies of cannabis users have found evidence of both cortical and subcortical volume reductions, especially in cannabinoid receptor-rich regions such as the hippocampus and amygdala. However, the findings have not been consistent. In the present study, we examined a sample of adult heavy cannabis users without other substance abuse to determine whether long-term use is associated with brain structural changes, especially in the subcortical regions. Method: We compared the gray matter volume of 14 long-term, heavy cannabis users with non-using controls. To provide robust findings, we conducted two separate studies using two different MRI techniques. Each study used the same sample of cannabis users and a different control group, respectively. Both control groups were independent of each other. First, whole-brain voxel-based morphometry (VBM) was used to compare the cannabis users against 28 matched controls (HC1 group). Second, a volumetric analysis of subcortical regions was performed to assess differences between the cannabis users and a sample of 100 matched controls (HC2 group) obtained from a local database of healthy volunteers. Results: The VBM study revealed that, compared to the control group HC1, the cannabis users did not show cortical differences nor smaller volume in any subcortical structure but showed a cluster (p < 0.001) of larger GM volume in the basal ganglia, involving the caudate, putamen, pallidum, and nucleus accumbens, bilaterally. The subcortical volumetric analysis revealed that, compared to the control group HC2, the cannabis users showed significantly larger volumes in the putamen (p = 0.001) and pallidum (p = 0.0015). Subtle trends, only significant at the uncorrected level, were also found in the caudate (p = 0.05) and nucleus accumbens (p = 0.047). Conclusions: This study does not support previous findings of hippocampal and/or amygdala structural changes in long-term, heavy cannabis users. It does, however, provide evidence of basal ganglia volume increases. |
| publishDate |
2018 |
| dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2018 2019 2019 |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
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article |
| status_str |
publishedVersion |
| dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv |
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/37161 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00175 |
| url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/37161 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00175 |
| dc.language.none.fl_str_mv |
Inglés |
| language_invalid_str_mv |
Inglés |
| dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
Frontiers in Psychiatry. 2018 May 3;9:175 |
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https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
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openAccess |
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application/pdf application/pdf |
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Frontiers |
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Frontiers |
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