Temperature can reverse sexual conflict, facilitating population growth

Sexual conflict frequently gives rise to adaptations that increase male reproductive success at the expense of harming females ("male harm") and decreasing population growth. Studying the ecology of male harm is paramount to understand how sexual conflict unfolds in nature, and its consequ...

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Autores: García-Roa, Roberto, García-González, Francisco, Maroto, Víctor, Chirinos, Valeria, Márquez-Rosado, Ana, Iglesias-Carrasco, Maider, Carazo, Pau
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2025
País:España
Institución:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
Repositorio:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
OAI Identifier:oai:digital.csic.es:10261/406825
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/10261/406825
https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/105018184229
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Callosobruchus
Insects
Male harm
Sexual conflict
Sexual selection
Temperature
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repository_id_str
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Temperature can reverse sexual conflict, facilitating population growth
title Temperature can reverse sexual conflict, facilitating population growth
spellingShingle Temperature can reverse sexual conflict, facilitating population growth
García-Roa, Roberto
Callosobruchus
Insects
Male harm
Sexual conflict
Sexual selection
Temperature
title_short Temperature can reverse sexual conflict, facilitating population growth
title_full Temperature can reverse sexual conflict, facilitating population growth
title_fullStr Temperature can reverse sexual conflict, facilitating population growth
title_full_unstemmed Temperature can reverse sexual conflict, facilitating population growth
title_sort Temperature can reverse sexual conflict, facilitating population growth
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv García-Roa, Roberto
García-González, Francisco
Maroto, Víctor
Chirinos, Valeria
Márquez-Rosado, Ana
Iglesias-Carrasco, Maider
Carazo, Pau
author García-Roa, Roberto
author_facet García-Roa, Roberto
García-González, Francisco
Maroto, Víctor
Chirinos, Valeria
Márquez-Rosado, Ana
Iglesias-Carrasco, Maider
Carazo, Pau
author_role author
author2 García-González, Francisco
Maroto, Víctor
Chirinos, Valeria
Márquez-Rosado, Ana
Iglesias-Carrasco, Maider
Carazo, Pau
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte (España)
European Commission
Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España)
Generalitat Valenciana
Fundación BBVA
Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España)
García-Roa, Roberto [0000-0002-9568-9191]
García-González, Francisco [0000-0001-9515-9038]
Iglesias-Carrasco, Maider [0000-0003-0349-7967]
Carazo, Pau [0000-0002-1525-6522]
Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [https://ror.org/02gfc7t72]
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Callosobruchus
Insects
Male harm
Sexual conflict
Sexual selection
Temperature
topic Callosobruchus
Insects
Male harm
Sexual conflict
Sexual selection
Temperature
description Sexual conflict frequently gives rise to adaptations that increase male reproductive success at the expense of harming females ("male harm") and decreasing population growth. Studying the ecology of male harm is paramount to understand how sexual conflict unfolds in nature, and its consequences for populations viability. Here, we used seed beetles (Callosobruchus maculatus), a species where males harm females via both harassment and traumatic male insemination, to study whether temperature (24, 28, or 32 °C) can modulate male harm. We disentangled temperature effects on male harm via pre- and postcopulatory mechanisms ("harassment and mating") vs. precopulatory mechanisms (i.e., "harassment" only; ablated males). These treatments were applied under different levels of sexual conflict, with females continuously exposed throughout their lifespan to either no males (control; "no harm"), 1 male (low sexual conflict), or 2 males (high sexual conflict). Constant exposure to males decreased female fitness at warmer environments, particularly at 28 °C and when females were subject to constant harassment and mating under high sexual conflict. In contrast, constant exposure to male harassment and mating increased female fitness at 24 °C, particularly under low sexual conflict (significant ~14% increase vs. control females). At the population level, not being exposed constantly to males resulted in higher net reproductive rates at 28 and 32 °C, whereas constant male-female cohabitation resulted in optimal net reproductive rates at 24 °C, rescuing estimated population growth rate and thus reversing the cost/benefit balance of exposure to males. Our findings show that, by dictating the outcome of female fitness under constant male exposure, temperature can modulate sexual conflict to the point of reversing it and facilitating population growth. Our results support the emerging notion that environmental variation can significantly decrease overall levels of sexual conflict in nature.
publishDate 2025
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2025
2025
2025
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http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
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dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/10261/406825
https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/105018184229
url http://hdl.handle.net/10261/406825
https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/105018184229
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
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info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2017-2020/PID2019-105547GB-I00
García-Roa, Roberto; García-González, Francisco; Maroto, Víctor; Chirinos, Valeria; Márquez-Rosado, Ana; Iglesias-Carrasco, Maider; Carazo, Pau; Data from: Temperature can reverse sexual conflict, facilitating population growth [Dataset]; Dryad; https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.fn2z34v4h; http://hdl.handle.net/10261/408405
https://doi.org/10.1093/evlett/qraf022
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dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Oxford University Press
Society for the Study of Evolution
European Society of Evolutionary Biology
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Oxford University Press
Society for the Study of Evolution
European Society of Evolutionary Biology
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spelling Temperature can reverse sexual conflict, facilitating population growthGarcía-Roa, RobertoGarcía-González, FranciscoMaroto, VíctorChirinos, ValeriaMárquez-Rosado, AnaIglesias-Carrasco, MaiderCarazo, PauCallosobruchusInsectsMale harmSexual conflictSexual selectionTemperatureSexual conflict frequently gives rise to adaptations that increase male reproductive success at the expense of harming females ("male harm") and decreasing population growth. Studying the ecology of male harm is paramount to understand how sexual conflict unfolds in nature, and its consequences for populations viability. Here, we used seed beetles (Callosobruchus maculatus), a species where males harm females via both harassment and traumatic male insemination, to study whether temperature (24, 28, or 32 °C) can modulate male harm. We disentangled temperature effects on male harm via pre- and postcopulatory mechanisms ("harassment and mating") vs. precopulatory mechanisms (i.e., "harassment" only; ablated males). These treatments were applied under different levels of sexual conflict, with females continuously exposed throughout their lifespan to either no males (control; "no harm"), 1 male (low sexual conflict), or 2 males (high sexual conflict). Constant exposure to males decreased female fitness at warmer environments, particularly at 28 °C and when females were subject to constant harassment and mating under high sexual conflict. In contrast, constant exposure to male harassment and mating increased female fitness at 24 °C, particularly under low sexual conflict (significant ~14% increase vs. control females). At the population level, not being exposed constantly to males resulted in higher net reproductive rates at 28 and 32 °C, whereas constant male-female cohabitation resulted in optimal net reproductive rates at 24 °C, rescuing estimated population growth rate and thus reversing the cost/benefit balance of exposure to males. Our findings show that, by dictating the outcome of female fitness under constant male exposure, temperature can modulate sexual conflict to the point of reversing it and facilitating population growth. Our results support the emerging notion that environmental variation can significantly decrease overall levels of sexual conflict in nature.R.G.-R. has been supported by a Ministerio de Educación Cultura y Deportes postdoc grant (Juan de la Cierva Formación 2018) and an MSCA Fellowship (101061275—Ref. 2022-1244816). The research described here was supported by a MCIN grant (PID2020-118027GB-I00) to P.C. (i.e. Agencia Nacional de Investigacion; MCIN/AEI/ 10.13039/501100011033), a SEJI research grant by the Generalitat Valenciana (SEJI/2018/037 to P.C.) and a 2018 Leonardo Grant for Researchers and Cultural Creators from the BBVA Foundation (to P.C.). F.G.-G. was supported by a grant from the Spanish Ministry of Science (PID2019-105547GB-I00/MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033).Peer reviewedOxford University PressSociety for the Study of EvolutionEuropean Society of Evolutionary BiologyMinisterio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte (España)European CommissionMinisterio de Ciencia e Innovación (España)Generalitat ValencianaFundación BBVAAgencia Estatal de Investigación (España)García-Roa, Roberto [0000-0002-9568-9191]García-González, Francisco [0000-0001-9515-9038]Iglesias-Carrasco, Maider [0000-0003-0349-7967]Carazo, Pau [0000-0002-1525-6522]Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [https://ror.org/02gfc7t72]202520252025info:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501Publisher's versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/10261/406825https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/105018184229reponame:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSICinstname:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)Inglés#PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE##PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE##PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE#info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/HE/101061275info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2017-2020/PID2020-118027GB-I00info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2017-2020/PID2019-105547GB-I00García-Roa, Roberto; García-González, Francisco; Maroto, Víctor; Chirinos, Valeria; Márquez-Rosado, Ana; Iglesias-Carrasco, Maider; Carazo, Pau; Data from: Temperature can reverse sexual conflict, facilitating population growth [Dataset]; Dryad; https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.fn2z34v4h; http://hdl.handle.net/10261/408405https://doi.org/10.1093/evlett/qraf022Síinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:digital.csic.es:10261/4068252026-05-22T06:33:51Z
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