The effects of phenotypic plasticity and local adaptation on forecasts of species range shifts under climate change

Species are the unit of analysis in many global change and conservation biology studies; however, species are not uniform entities but are composed of different, sometimes locally adapted, populations differing in plasticity. We examined how intraspecific variation in thermal niches and phenotypic p...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Valladares Ros, Fernando, Matesanz, S., Guilhaumon, F., Bastos Araújo, Miguel, Balaguer Núñez, Luis, Benito Garzón, Marta, Cornwell, W., Gianoli, E., Van Kleunen, M., Naya, D.E., Nicotra, A.B., Poorter, H., Zavala Gironés, Miguel Ángel de|||0000-0003-1456-0132
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2014
País:España
Institución:Universidad de Alcalá (UAH)
Repositorio:e_Buah Biblioteca Digital Universidad de Alcalá
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:ebuah.uah.es:10017/20883
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/10017/20883
https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ele.12348
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Climate change
Variability hypothesis
Ecological niche models
Intraspecific variation
Local adaptation
Niche
Phenotypic plasticity
Population differentiation
Ciencia
Medio Ambiente
Science
Environmental science
Descripción
Sumario:Species are the unit of analysis in many global change and conservation biology studies; however, species are not uniform entities but are composed of different, sometimes locally adapted, populations differing in plasticity. We examined how intraspecific variation in thermal niches and phenotypic plasticity will affect species distributions in a warming climate. We first developed a conceptual model linking plasticity and niche breadth, providing five alternative intraspecific scenarios that are consistent with existing literature. Secondly, we used ecological niche-modeling techniques to quantify the impact of each intraspecific scenario on the distribution of a virtual species across a geographically realistic setting. Finally, we performed an analogous modeling exercise using real data on the climatic niches of different tree provenances. We show that when population differentiation is accounted for and dispersal is restricted, forecasts of species range shifts under climate change are even more pessimistic than those using the conventional assumption of homogeneously high plasticity across a species’ range. Suitable population-level data are not available for most species so identifying general patterns of population differentiation could fill this gap. However, the literature review revealed contrasting patterns among species, urging greater levels of integration among empirical, modeling and theoretical research on intraspecific phenotypic variation.