Calcium homeostasis role in preserving sperm function and metabolic activity during liquid storage of pig semen

Calcium (Ca2+) is known as a key regulator of sperm physiology, playing a crucial role in capacitation, hyperactivation, the acrosome reaction, and fertilisation. Despite this, whether it shapes the sperm's ability to withstand liquid preservation has not been addressed. Herein, we investigated...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Garriga, Ferran, Codina-Benaiges, Jodd, Yeste Oliveras, Marc, Llavanera, Marc
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2026
País:España
Institución:Varias* (Consorci de Biblioteques Universitáries de Catalunya, Centre de Serveis Científics i Acadèmics de Catalunya)
Repositorio:Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya
OAI Identifier:oai:recercat.cat:10256/27190
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/10256/27190
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Reproducció assistida
Reproductive technology
Espermatozoides -- Investigació
Spermatozoa -- Research
Porcs -- Fecunditat
Swine -- Fertility
Porcs -- Espermatozoides -- Investigació
Swine -- Spermatozoa -- Research
Descripción
Sumario:Calcium (Ca2+) is known as a key regulator of sperm physiology, playing a crucial role in capacitation, hyperactivation, the acrosome reaction, and fertilisation. Despite this, whether it shapes the sperm's ability to withstand liquid preservation has not been addressed. Herein, we investigated how altering Ca2+ availability to pig sperm during storage at 17 °C affects their quality and metabolic activity. Using ethylene glycol tetraacetic acid (EGTA) and its membrane-permeable form (EGTA-AM), we selectively chelated either extracellular or intracellular Ca2+, respectively. Semen samples (n = 12 pools) were preserved in Beltsville Thawing Solution (BTS) under four conditions: control, Ca2+ supplementation, extracellular Ca2+ chelation, and intracellular Ca2+ chelation. Sperm function and metabolism were evaluated by flow cytometry and the oxygen consumption rate (OCR), whereas motility was assessed using Computer-Assisted Sperm Analysis (CASA). Ca2+ supplementation increased metabolic activity and induced capacitation-like changes, impairing sperm function. Intracellular Ca2+ chelation caused a sharp decline in motility and disrupted the metabolic balance, likely due to proton (H+) accumulation in the intermembrane space of mitochondria. In contrast, extracellular Ca2+ chelation preserved sperm viability, membrane integrity, and motility, while slightly reducing the OCR and the production of intracellular reactive oxygen species. These findings highlight the critical role of Ca2+ homeostasis in maintaining sperm function and suggest that fine-tuning Ca2+ dynamics - rather than full depletion - may improve the longevity and fertilising potential of liquid-stored pig semen