Real-time Cr(VI) monitoring and remediation using Fe3O4 nanoparticles: Insights into Fe-Cr Spinels

An analytical approach for the rapid and remote determination of Cr(VI) in water samples is demonstrated using Fe<inf>3</inf>O<inf>4</inf> nanoparticles and a cost-effective portable AC magnetometer. Cr(VI) reduction by surface Fe²⁺ leads to Fe/Cr precipitate formation, which...

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Detalhes bibliográficos
Autores: Martínez Boubeta, C., Balcells, Lluis, Beltrán Finez, J. I., Martínez Peña, G. I., Virgiliou, C., Kalaitzidou, K., Vourlias, G., Terán, F. J., Salutari, Francesco, Spadaro, Maria Chiara, Arbiol, Jordi, Simeonidis, K.
Formato: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2025
País:España
Recursos:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
Repositorio:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
OAI Identifier:oai:digital.csic.es:10261/403375
Acesso em linha:http://hdl.handle.net/10261/403375
https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/105013676115
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palavra-chave:AC magnetometry
DFT calculations
Drinking water monitoring
Hexavalent chromium
Magnetic anisotropy
Magnetite nanoparticles
Pollutant sensors
XPS analysis
Descrição
Resumo:An analytical approach for the rapid and remote determination of Cr(VI) in water samples is demonstrated using Fe<inf>3</inf>O<inf>4</inf> nanoparticles and a cost-effective portable AC magnetometer. Cr(VI) reduction by surface Fe²⁺ leads to Fe/Cr precipitate formation, which alters the nanoparticles’ magnetic properties. Validation in natural water spiked with Cr(VI) showed a linear correlation between magnetic remanence and Cr(VI) concentrations from 0 to 10 mg/L, with a R<sup>2</sup> value of 0.99. Limitations of the method emerged at loadings above 10 mg/g, where extensive chromite (Cr<inf>x</inf>Fe<inf>3-x</inf>O<inf>4</inf>) coverage reduced the magnetic hysteresis area. Advanced characterization and DFT calculations revealed changes in spin-dependent properties, including magnetization reversal, electrical conductivity and magnetoresistance. This robust correlation between collective magnetic properties and Cr(VI) exposure enables, for the first time, milligram-per-liter detection via ultra-fast AC magnetometry, paving the way for real-time insight into redox processes in liquid environments and novel strategies for environmental remediation.