Degradation of antibiotics and profiling of transformation products upon peracetic acid–mediated treatment of electrochlorinated groundwater in a flow–through reactor

Preventing the formation of hazardous chlorinated transformation products (Cl–TPs) when applying the electrochemical advanced oxidation processes (EAOPs) is a major challenge for ensuring their broader scale-up. In this context, the addition of peracetic acid (PAA) can potentially contribute to redu...

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Autores: Lu, Wang, Chen, Nan, Feng, Chuanping, Zhang, Gong, Sirés Sadornil, Ignacio
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2025
País:España
Institución:Universidad de Barcelona
Repositorio:Dipòsit Digital de la UB
OAI Identifier:oai:diposit.ub.edu:2445/221874
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/2445/221874
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Antibiòtics
Oxidació
Ciclotrons
Antibiotics
Oxidation
Cyclotrons
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spelling Degradation of antibiotics and profiling of transformation products upon peracetic acid–mediated treatment of electrochlorinated groundwater in a flow–through reactorLu, WangChen, NanFeng, ChuanpingZhang, GongSirés Sadornil, IgnacioAntibiòticsOxidacióCiclotronsAntibioticsOxidationCyclotronsPreventing the formation of hazardous chlorinated transformation products (Cl–TPs) when applying the electrochemical advanced oxidation processes (EAOPs) is a major challenge for ensuring their broader scale-up. In this context, the addition of peracetic acid (PAA) can potentially contribute to reduce the risk of Cl–TPs, but the associated transformation pathways remain insufficiently understood. Here, PAA–mediated electrochlorination process was found to reduce typical Cl-TPs (e.g., chloroform below 60 μg L<sup>–1</sup>) by 26.9%~80.8%. Under optimized conditions, an innovative PAA–based treatment in a single-pass flow–through electrochemical reactor achieves the removal of four mixed antibiotics with low specific energy consumption (5.3 Wh mmol<sup>–1</sup>). The antibiotics concentration in the effluent remained below the detection limit within 10 operation cycles. In addition, reductions in Cl–TPs were achieved in both simulated and actual groundwater, meeting the 2022 Chinese drinking water quality standards. Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT−ICR MS) revealed that PAA–based electrochlorination preferentially removed highly unsaturated heavy byproducts (O/C <0.3, MW >400 Da), and the CHOCl formulae number decreased by 59%. The transformation pathways of Cl–TPs were mainly identified as decarbonylation, dihydroxylation, and hydrogenation. Moreover, the possible halogenation pathways number showed a significant decrease of 77.9%. These findings provide deeper insights into the degradation mechanisms and Cl–TPs minimization during PAA−mediated electrochemical antibiotic degradation, shedding light on the transformation processes in diverse environmental scenarios.Elsevier Ltd.2025info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionapplication/pdfhttps://hdl.handle.net/2445/221874Articles publicats en revistes (Ciència dels Materials i Química Física)reponame:Dipòsit Digital de la UBinstname:Universidad de BarcelonaInglésReproducció del document publicat a: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2025.124013Water Research, 2025, vol. 284https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2025.124013cc-by-nc-nd (c) Lu, Wang et al., 2025http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:diposit.ub.edu:2445/2218742026-05-27T06:46:51Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Degradation of antibiotics and profiling of transformation products upon peracetic acid–mediated treatment of electrochlorinated groundwater in a flow–through reactor
title Degradation of antibiotics and profiling of transformation products upon peracetic acid–mediated treatment of electrochlorinated groundwater in a flow–through reactor
spellingShingle Degradation of antibiotics and profiling of transformation products upon peracetic acid–mediated treatment of electrochlorinated groundwater in a flow–through reactor
Lu, Wang
Antibiòtics
Oxidació
Ciclotrons
Antibiotics
Oxidation
Cyclotrons
title_short Degradation of antibiotics and profiling of transformation products upon peracetic acid–mediated treatment of electrochlorinated groundwater in a flow–through reactor
title_full Degradation of antibiotics and profiling of transformation products upon peracetic acid–mediated treatment of electrochlorinated groundwater in a flow–through reactor
title_fullStr Degradation of antibiotics and profiling of transformation products upon peracetic acid–mediated treatment of electrochlorinated groundwater in a flow–through reactor
title_full_unstemmed Degradation of antibiotics and profiling of transformation products upon peracetic acid–mediated treatment of electrochlorinated groundwater in a flow–through reactor
title_sort Degradation of antibiotics and profiling of transformation products upon peracetic acid–mediated treatment of electrochlorinated groundwater in a flow–through reactor
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Lu, Wang
Chen, Nan
Feng, Chuanping
Zhang, Gong
Sirés Sadornil, Ignacio
author Lu, Wang
author_facet Lu, Wang
Chen, Nan
Feng, Chuanping
Zhang, Gong
Sirés Sadornil, Ignacio
author_role author
author2 Chen, Nan
Feng, Chuanping
Zhang, Gong
Sirés Sadornil, Ignacio
author2_role author
author
author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Antibiòtics
Oxidació
Ciclotrons
Antibiotics
Oxidation
Cyclotrons
topic Antibiòtics
Oxidació
Ciclotrons
Antibiotics
Oxidation
Cyclotrons
description Preventing the formation of hazardous chlorinated transformation products (Cl–TPs) when applying the electrochemical advanced oxidation processes (EAOPs) is a major challenge for ensuring their broader scale-up. In this context, the addition of peracetic acid (PAA) can potentially contribute to reduce the risk of Cl–TPs, but the associated transformation pathways remain insufficiently understood. Here, PAA–mediated electrochlorination process was found to reduce typical Cl-TPs (e.g., chloroform below 60 μg L<sup>–1</sup>) by 26.9%~80.8%. Under optimized conditions, an innovative PAA–based treatment in a single-pass flow–through electrochemical reactor achieves the removal of four mixed antibiotics with low specific energy consumption (5.3 Wh mmol<sup>–1</sup>). The antibiotics concentration in the effluent remained below the detection limit within 10 operation cycles. In addition, reductions in Cl–TPs were achieved in both simulated and actual groundwater, meeting the 2022 Chinese drinking water quality standards. Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT−ICR MS) revealed that PAA–based electrochlorination preferentially removed highly unsaturated heavy byproducts (O/C <0.3, MW >400 Da), and the CHOCl formulae number decreased by 59%. The transformation pathways of Cl–TPs were mainly identified as decarbonylation, dihydroxylation, and hydrogenation. Moreover, the possible halogenation pathways number showed a significant decrease of 77.9%. These findings provide deeper insights into the degradation mechanisms and Cl–TPs minimization during PAA−mediated electrochemical antibiotic degradation, shedding light on the transformation processes in diverse environmental scenarios.
publishDate 2025
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2025
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv https://hdl.handle.net/2445/221874
url https://hdl.handle.net/2445/221874
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv Reproducció del document publicat a: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2025.124013
Water Research, 2025, vol. 284
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2025.124013
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv cc-by-nc-nd (c) Lu, Wang et al., 2025
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv cc-by-nc-nd (c) Lu, Wang et al., 2025
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Elsevier Ltd.
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Elsevier Ltd.
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv Articles publicats en revistes (Ciència dels Materials i Química Física)
reponame:Dipòsit Digital de la UB
instname:Universidad de Barcelona
instname_str Universidad de Barcelona
reponame_str Dipòsit Digital de la UB
collection Dipòsit Digital de la UB
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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score 15.198674

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