Post-Traumatic Stress in Children and Adolescents during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Meta-Analysis and Intervention Approaches to Ensure Mental Health and Well-Being

Background: Since the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the COVID-19 pandemic in March 2020, many measures have been taken to prevent the spread of the virus. Consequently, many minors have been confined to their homes and have had to subsequently adapt to countless protocol changes. These fa...

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Autores: Ozamiz Echevarria, Naiara, Legorburu Fernández, Idoia, Idoiaga Mondragón, Nahia, Olaya, Beatriz, Cornelius White, Jeffrey H. D., Santabárbara, Javier
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2023
País:España
Institución:Universidad del País Vasco
Repositorio:Addi. Archivo Digital para la Docencia y la Investigación
OAI Identifier:oai:addi.ehu.eus:10810/60543
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/10810/60543
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:post-traumatic stress disorder
COVID-19
children
adolescents
gender
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spelling Post-Traumatic Stress in Children and Adolescents during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Meta-Analysis and Intervention Approaches to Ensure Mental Health and Well-BeingOzamiz Echevarria, NaiaraLegorburu Fernández, IdoiaIdoiaga Mondragón, NahiaOlaya, BeatrizCornelius White, Jeffrey H. D.Santabárbara, Javierpost-traumatic stress disorderCOVID-19childrenadolescentsgenderBackground: Since the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the COVID-19 pandemic in March 2020, many measures have been taken to prevent the spread of the virus. Consequently, many minors have been confined to their homes and have had to subsequently adapt to countless protocol changes. These factors appear to have contributed to post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in many children. Materials and Methods: The authors searched Medline through PubMed and other databases for studies published from 1 December 2019 to 31 December 2021 on the prevalence of PTSD in schoolchildren. The authors used a random-effects model to calculate the pooled prevalence of PTSD. Results: A total of six studies were included in this review. Our results show a pooled prevalence of PTSD of 14% in children and adolescents. Subgroup analyses identify a significantly higher prevalence of PTSD for studies conducted in China and a higher prevalence in boys. The prevalence of PTSD appeared independent of child age or the methodological rigor of the study. Conclusions: Our results suggest that a large number of children may be suffering from PTSD (post-traumatic stress disorder). Public health measures are thus needed to improve children’s mental health during and after the pandemic, so that the suffering is mitigated to prevent long-lasting effects.MDPI2023202320232023info:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/10810/60543reponame:Addi. Archivo Digital para la Docencia y la Investigacióninstname:Universidad del País VascoIngléshttps://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/6/5272info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/© 2023 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/ 4.0/).oai:addi.ehu.eus:10810/605432026-06-18T09:23:17Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Post-Traumatic Stress in Children and Adolescents during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Meta-Analysis and Intervention Approaches to Ensure Mental Health and Well-Being
title Post-Traumatic Stress in Children and Adolescents during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Meta-Analysis and Intervention Approaches to Ensure Mental Health and Well-Being
spellingShingle Post-Traumatic Stress in Children and Adolescents during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Meta-Analysis and Intervention Approaches to Ensure Mental Health and Well-Being
Ozamiz Echevarria, Naiara
post-traumatic stress disorder
COVID-19
children
adolescents
gender
title_short Post-Traumatic Stress in Children and Adolescents during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Meta-Analysis and Intervention Approaches to Ensure Mental Health and Well-Being
title_full Post-Traumatic Stress in Children and Adolescents during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Meta-Analysis and Intervention Approaches to Ensure Mental Health and Well-Being
title_fullStr Post-Traumatic Stress in Children and Adolescents during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Meta-Analysis and Intervention Approaches to Ensure Mental Health and Well-Being
title_full_unstemmed Post-Traumatic Stress in Children and Adolescents during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Meta-Analysis and Intervention Approaches to Ensure Mental Health and Well-Being
title_sort Post-Traumatic Stress in Children and Adolescents during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Meta-Analysis and Intervention Approaches to Ensure Mental Health and Well-Being
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Ozamiz Echevarria, Naiara
Legorburu Fernández, Idoia
Idoiaga Mondragón, Nahia
Olaya, Beatriz
Cornelius White, Jeffrey H. D.
Santabárbara, Javier
author Ozamiz Echevarria, Naiara
author_facet Ozamiz Echevarria, Naiara
Legorburu Fernández, Idoia
Idoiaga Mondragón, Nahia
Olaya, Beatriz
Cornelius White, Jeffrey H. D.
Santabárbara, Javier
author_role author
author2 Legorburu Fernández, Idoia
Idoiaga Mondragón, Nahia
Olaya, Beatriz
Cornelius White, Jeffrey H. D.
Santabárbara, Javier
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv post-traumatic stress disorder
COVID-19
children
adolescents
gender
topic post-traumatic stress disorder
COVID-19
children
adolescents
gender
description Background: Since the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the COVID-19 pandemic in March 2020, many measures have been taken to prevent the spread of the virus. Consequently, many minors have been confined to their homes and have had to subsequently adapt to countless protocol changes. These factors appear to have contributed to post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in many children. Materials and Methods: The authors searched Medline through PubMed and other databases for studies published from 1 December 2019 to 31 December 2021 on the prevalence of PTSD in schoolchildren. The authors used a random-effects model to calculate the pooled prevalence of PTSD. Results: A total of six studies were included in this review. Our results show a pooled prevalence of PTSD of 14% in children and adolescents. Subgroup analyses identify a significantly higher prevalence of PTSD for studies conducted in China and a higher prevalence in boys. The prevalence of PTSD appeared independent of child age or the methodological rigor of the study. Conclusions: Our results suggest that a large number of children may be suffering from PTSD (post-traumatic stress disorder). Public health measures are thus needed to improve children’s mental health during and after the pandemic, so that the suffering is mitigated to prevent long-lasting effects.
publishDate 2023
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2023
2023
2023
2023
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
format article
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/10810/60543
url http://hdl.handle.net/10810/60543
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/6/5272
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv MDPI
publisher.none.fl_str_mv MDPI
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:Addi. Archivo Digital para la Docencia y la Investigación
instname:Universidad del País Vasco
instname_str Universidad del País Vasco
reponame_str Addi. Archivo Digital para la Docencia y la Investigación
collection Addi. Archivo Digital para la Docencia y la Investigación
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