ATP, Mg2+, nuclear phase separation, and genome accessibility

Misregulation of the processes controlling eukaryotic gene expression can result in disease. Gene expression is influenced by the surrounding chromatin; hence the nuclear environment is also of vital importance. Recently, understanding of chromatin hierarchical folding has increased together with th...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Wright, Roni H.G., Le Dily, François, Beato, Miguel
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2019
País:España
Institución:Universitat Pompeu Fabra
Repositorio:Repositorio Digital de la UPF
OAI Identifier:oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/42371
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/10230/42371
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tibs.2019.03.001
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Chromatin dynamics
3D genome topology
Phase separation
Membrane-less organelles
Gene regulation
Nuclear ATP
PARylation
Magnesium
Descripción
Sumario:Misregulation of the processes controlling eukaryotic gene expression can result in disease. Gene expression is influenced by the surrounding chromatin; hence the nuclear environment is also of vital importance. Recently, understanding of chromatin hierarchical folding has increased together with the discovery of membrane-less organelles which are distinct, dynamic liquid droplets that merge and expand within the nucleus. These 'sieve'-like regions may compartmentalize and separate functionally distinct regions of chromatin. This article aims to discuss recent studies on nuclear phase within the context of poly(ADP-ribose), ATP, and Mg2+ levels, and we propose a combinatorial complex role for these molecules in phase separation and genome regulation. We also discuss the implications of this process for gene regulation and discuss possible strategies to test this.