A unified formulation for the computation of the six-degrees-of-freedom-motion-induced errors in floating Doppler wind LiDARs
This work presents an analytical formulation to assess the six-degrees-of-freedom-motion-induced error in floating Doppler wind LiDARs (FDWLs). The error products derive from the horizontal wind speed bias and apparent turbulence intensity. Departing from a geometrical formulation of the FDWL attitu...
| Autores: | , , , |
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| Tipo de documento: | artigo |
| Data de publicação: | 2023 |
| País: | España |
| Recursos: | Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC) |
| Repositório: | UPCommons. Portal del coneixement obert de la UPC |
| Idioma: | inglês |
| OAI Identifier: | oai:upcommons.upc.edu:2117/384909 |
| Acesso em linha: | https://hdl.handle.net/2117/384909 https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs15061478 |
| Access Level: | Acceso aberto |
| Palavra-chave: | Atmospheric turbulence Optical radar Wind power Doppler wind LiDAR Floating LiDAR system Turbulence intensity Motion-induced error Six degrees of freedom Wind energy Turbulència atmosfèrica Radar òptic Energia eòlica Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Enginyeria de la telecomunicació::Radiocomunicació i exploració electromagnètica::Teledetecció |
| Resumo: | This work presents an analytical formulation to assess the six-degrees-of-freedom-motion-induced error in floating Doppler wind LiDARs (FDWLs). The error products derive from the horizontal wind speed bias and apparent turbulence intensity. Departing from a geometrical formulation of the FDWL attitude and of the LiDAR retrieval algorithm, the contributions of the rotational and translational motion to the FDWL-measured total error are computed. Central to this process is the interpretation of the velocity–azimuth display retrieval algorithm in terms of a first-order Fourier series. The obtained 6 DoF formulation is validated numerically by means of a floating LiDAR motion simulator and experimentally in nearshore and open-sea scenarios in the framework of the Pont del Petroli and IJmuiden campaigns, respectively. Both measurement campaigns involved a fixed and a floating ZephIRTM 300 LiDAR. The proposed formulation proved capable of estimating the motion-induced FDWL horizontal wind speed bias and returned similar percentiles when comparing the FDWL with the fixed LiDAR. The estimations of the turbulence intensity increment statistically matched the FDWL measurements under all motional and wind scenarios when clustering the data as a function of the buoy’s mean tilt amplitude, mean translational-velocity amplitude, and mean horizontal wind speed. |
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