Evaluation of the network of protection areas for the feeding of scavengers in Spain: from biodiversity conservation to greenhouse gas emission savings

1. Protected areas are one of the most common strategies for wildlife conservation world-wide. However, their effectiveness is rarely evaluated. In Europe, after the outbreak of bovine spongiform encephalopathy, a restrictive sanitary regulation (EC 1774/2002) prohibited the abandonment of dead live...

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Autores: Morales-Reyes, Zebensui, Perez-García, Juan M., Moleón, Marcos, Botella, Francisco, Carrete, Martina, Donázar, José Antonio, Cortes Avizanda, Ainara, Arrondo, Eneko, Moreno-Opo, Ruben, Jiménez, Jose, Margalida, Antoni, Sánchez-Zapata, Jose A
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2016
País:España
Institución:Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche
Repositorio:REDIUMH. Depósito Digital de la UMH
OAI Identifier:oai:dspace.umh.es:11000/33889
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/11000/33889
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:carrion availability
conservation effectiveness
ecosystem services
EU sanitary policies
facultative scavengers
CDU::5 - Ciencias puras y naturales::57 - Biología
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spelling Evaluation of the network of protection areas for the feeding of scavengers in Spain: from biodiversity conservation to greenhouse gas emission savingsMorales-Reyes, ZebensuiPerez-García, Juan M.Moleón, MarcosBotella, FranciscoCarrete, MartinaDonázar, José AntonioCortes Avizanda, AinaraArrondo, EnekoMoreno-Opo, RubenJiménez, JoseMargalida, AntoniSánchez-Zapata, Jose Acarrion availabilityconservation effectivenessecosystem servicesEU sanitary policiesfacultative scavengersCDU::5 - Ciencias puras y naturales::57 - Biología1. Protected areas are one of the most common strategies for wildlife conservation world-wide. However, their effectiveness is rarely evaluated. In Europe, after the outbreak of bovine spongiform encephalopathy, a restrictive sanitary regulation (EC 1774/2002) prohibited the abandonment of dead livestock in extensive farming (extensive livestock) in the field, which led to negative consequences for scavengers. As an attempt to mitigate this negative impact, a new regulation was approved (EC 142/2011) to allow farmers to leave extensive livestock carcasses in the so-called ‘Protection areas for the feeding of necrophagous species of European interest’ (PAFs). 2. Our general aims were to quantify (i) the proportion of breeding distribution of targeted scavenger species overlapping PAFs; (ii) the extensive livestock carrion biomass available inside PAFs; (iii) the proportion of breeding distribution of non-targeted scavenger species falling within PAFs; (iv) the overlap between the home range of vultures and PAFs, as well as the extent to which vultures move through different administrative units; and (v) the savings in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in relation to the pre-PAF scenario. 3. After assessing the status of PAF implementation in every region of peninsular Spain, we analysed the large-scale spatial information of extensive livestock carrion availability and scavenger breeding distribution, movement data of GPS-tracked vultures, and the annual GHG emissions associated with the transport of livestock carcasses. 4. Most regions established PAFs in their territories, although design criteria were variable. The breeding distribution of targeted species was better represented within PAFs than that of non-targeted species. The extensive livestock carrion biomass potentially available for scavengers within PAFs represented 34 9% of the annual extensive livestock biomass generated in peninsular Spain. The overlap between the home range of GPS-marked vulture populations and PAFs ranged between 63 4% and 100%. The minimum convex polygon of these and other GPS-tracked vulture populations in peninsular Spain encompassed 3–14 Spanish regions and 1–4 countries. Post-PAF there was a potential reduction of c. 55 7% of GHG emissions compared to pre-PAF. 5. Synthesis and applications. The implementation of the new sanitary regulation by means of areas for the feeding of scavengers could mean an important improvement in scavenger conservation and a noteworthy reduction in greenhouse gas emissions: in Spain, extensive livestock carrion availability might increase to 33 474 t yr1 , and 43 344 t of CO2 eq. might be saved annually. However, we identified some gaps related to the distribution of endangered facultative scavengers. Moreover, given that vultures are highly mobile organisms, the design and management of these feeding areas should be coordinated at both the supra-regional and supra-national scales.British Ecological SocietyDepartamentos de la UMH::Biología Aplicada202420242016info:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdf10application/pdfhttps://hdl.handle.net/11000/33889reponame:REDIUMH. Depósito Digital de la UMHinstname:Universidad Miguel Hernández de ElcheIngléshttps://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.12833info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/oai:dspace.umh.es:11000/338892026-05-27T13:36:21Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Evaluation of the network of protection areas for the feeding of scavengers in Spain: from biodiversity conservation to greenhouse gas emission savings
title Evaluation of the network of protection areas for the feeding of scavengers in Spain: from biodiversity conservation to greenhouse gas emission savings
spellingShingle Evaluation of the network of protection areas for the feeding of scavengers in Spain: from biodiversity conservation to greenhouse gas emission savings
Morales-Reyes, Zebensui
carrion availability
conservation effectiveness
ecosystem services
EU sanitary policies
facultative scavengers
CDU::5 - Ciencias puras y naturales::57 - Biología
title_short Evaluation of the network of protection areas for the feeding of scavengers in Spain: from biodiversity conservation to greenhouse gas emission savings
title_full Evaluation of the network of protection areas for the feeding of scavengers in Spain: from biodiversity conservation to greenhouse gas emission savings
title_fullStr Evaluation of the network of protection areas for the feeding of scavengers in Spain: from biodiversity conservation to greenhouse gas emission savings
title_full_unstemmed Evaluation of the network of protection areas for the feeding of scavengers in Spain: from biodiversity conservation to greenhouse gas emission savings
title_sort Evaluation of the network of protection areas for the feeding of scavengers in Spain: from biodiversity conservation to greenhouse gas emission savings
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Morales-Reyes, Zebensui
Perez-García, Juan M.
Moleón, Marcos
Botella, Francisco
Carrete, Martina
Donázar, José Antonio
Cortes Avizanda, Ainara
Arrondo, Eneko
Moreno-Opo, Ruben
Jiménez, Jose
Margalida, Antoni
Sánchez-Zapata, Jose A
author Morales-Reyes, Zebensui
author_facet Morales-Reyes, Zebensui
Perez-García, Juan M.
Moleón, Marcos
Botella, Francisco
Carrete, Martina
Donázar, José Antonio
Cortes Avizanda, Ainara
Arrondo, Eneko
Moreno-Opo, Ruben
Jiménez, Jose
Margalida, Antoni
Sánchez-Zapata, Jose A
author_role author
author2 Perez-García, Juan M.
Moleón, Marcos
Botella, Francisco
Carrete, Martina
Donázar, José Antonio
Cortes Avizanda, Ainara
Arrondo, Eneko
Moreno-Opo, Ruben
Jiménez, Jose
Margalida, Antoni
Sánchez-Zapata, Jose A
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Departamentos de la UMH::Biología Aplicada
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv carrion availability
conservation effectiveness
ecosystem services
EU sanitary policies
facultative scavengers
CDU::5 - Ciencias puras y naturales::57 - Biología
topic carrion availability
conservation effectiveness
ecosystem services
EU sanitary policies
facultative scavengers
CDU::5 - Ciencias puras y naturales::57 - Biología
description 1. Protected areas are one of the most common strategies for wildlife conservation world-wide. However, their effectiveness is rarely evaluated. In Europe, after the outbreak of bovine spongiform encephalopathy, a restrictive sanitary regulation (EC 1774/2002) prohibited the abandonment of dead livestock in extensive farming (extensive livestock) in the field, which led to negative consequences for scavengers. As an attempt to mitigate this negative impact, a new regulation was approved (EC 142/2011) to allow farmers to leave extensive livestock carcasses in the so-called ‘Protection areas for the feeding of necrophagous species of European interest’ (PAFs). 2. Our general aims were to quantify (i) the proportion of breeding distribution of targeted scavenger species overlapping PAFs; (ii) the extensive livestock carrion biomass available inside PAFs; (iii) the proportion of breeding distribution of non-targeted scavenger species falling within PAFs; (iv) the overlap between the home range of vultures and PAFs, as well as the extent to which vultures move through different administrative units; and (v) the savings in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in relation to the pre-PAF scenario. 3. After assessing the status of PAF implementation in every region of peninsular Spain, we analysed the large-scale spatial information of extensive livestock carrion availability and scavenger breeding distribution, movement data of GPS-tracked vultures, and the annual GHG emissions associated with the transport of livestock carcasses. 4. Most regions established PAFs in their territories, although design criteria were variable. The breeding distribution of targeted species was better represented within PAFs than that of non-targeted species. The extensive livestock carrion biomass potentially available for scavengers within PAFs represented 34 9% of the annual extensive livestock biomass generated in peninsular Spain. The overlap between the home range of GPS-marked vulture populations and PAFs ranged between 63 4% and 100%. The minimum convex polygon of these and other GPS-tracked vulture populations in peninsular Spain encompassed 3–14 Spanish regions and 1–4 countries. Post-PAF there was a potential reduction of c. 55 7% of GHG emissions compared to pre-PAF. 5. Synthesis and applications. The implementation of the new sanitary regulation by means of areas for the feeding of scavengers could mean an important improvement in scavenger conservation and a noteworthy reduction in greenhouse gas emissions: in Spain, extensive livestock carrion availability might increase to 33 474 t yr1 , and 43 344 t of CO2 eq. might be saved annually. However, we identified some gaps related to the distribution of endangered facultative scavengers. Moreover, given that vultures are highly mobile organisms, the design and management of these feeding areas should be coordinated at both the supra-regional and supra-national scales.
publishDate 2016
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2016
2024
2024
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
format article
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv https://hdl.handle.net/11000/33889
url https://hdl.handle.net/11000/33889
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.12833
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
10
application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv British Ecological Society
publisher.none.fl_str_mv British Ecological Society
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:REDIUMH. Depósito Digital de la UMH
instname:Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche
instname_str Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche
reponame_str REDIUMH. Depósito Digital de la UMH
collection REDIUMH. Depósito Digital de la UMH
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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score 15.81155

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