Effect of density and total weight on flow depth, velocity, and stresses in loess debris flows

Debris flows that involve loess material produce important damage around the world. However, the kinematics of such processes are poorly understood. To better understand these kinematics, we used a flume to measure the kinematics of debris flows with different mixture densities and weights. We used...

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Detalhes bibliográficos
Autores: Shu, Heping, Ma, Jinzhu, Yu, Haichao, Hurlimann Ziegler, Marcel|||0000-0003-0119-1438
Tipo de documento: artigo
Data de publicação:2018
País:España
Recursos:Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC)
Repositório:UPCommons. Portal del coneixement obert de la UPC
Idioma:inglês
OAI Identifier:oai:upcommons.upc.edu:2117/127815
Acesso em linha:https://hdl.handle.net/2117/127815
https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w10121784
Access Level:Acceso aberto
Palavra-chave:Landslides
debris flow
flume experiments
loess
China
Esllavissades
Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Enginyeria civil::Geotècnia::Mecànica de sòls
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oai_identifier_str oai:upcommons.upc.edu:2117/127815
network_acronym_str ES
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repository_id_str
spelling Effect of density and total weight on flow depth, velocity, and stresses in loess debris flowsShu, HepingMa, JinzhuYu, HaichaoHurlimann Ziegler, Marcel|||0000-0003-0119-1438Landslidesdebris flowflume experimentsloessChinaEsllavissadesÀrees temàtiques de la UPC::Enginyeria civil::Geotècnia::Mecànica de sòlsDebris flows that involve loess material produce important damage around the world. However, the kinematics of such processes are poorly understood. To better understand these kinematics, we used a flume to measure the kinematics of debris flows with different mixture densities and weights. We used sensors to measure pore fluid pressure and total normal stress. We measured flow patterns, velocities, and depths using a high-speed camera and laser range finder to identify the temporal evolution of the flow behavior and the corresponding peaks. We constructed fitting functions for the relationships between the maximum values of the experimental parameters. The hydrographs of the debris flows could be divided into four phases: increase to a first minor peak, a subsequent smooth increase to a second peak, fluctuation until a third major peak, and a final continuous decrease. The flow depth, velocity, total normal stress, and pore fluid pressure were strongly related to the mixture density and total mixture weight. We defined the corresponding relationships between the flow parameters and mixture kinematics. Linear and exponential relationships described the maximum flow depth and the mixture weight and density, respectively. The flow velocity was linearly related to the weight and density. The pore fluid pressure and total normal stress were linearly related to the weight, but logarithmically related to the density. The regression goodness of fit for all functions was >0.93. Therefore, these functions are accurate and could be used to predict the consequences of loess debris flows. Our results provide an improved understanding of the effects of mixture density and weight on the kinematics of debris flows in loess areas, and can help landscape managers prevent and design improved engineering solutions.Peer Reviewed20182018-12-0120192019-01-29journal articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501VoRhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85info:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttps://hdl.handle.net/2117/127815https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w10121784reponame:UPCommons. Portal del coneixement obert de la UPCinstname:Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC)Inglésengopen accesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Attribution 3.0 Spainhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:upcommons.upc.edu:2117/1278152026-05-27T15:37:01Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Effect of density and total weight on flow depth, velocity, and stresses in loess debris flows
title Effect of density and total weight on flow depth, velocity, and stresses in loess debris flows
spellingShingle Effect of density and total weight on flow depth, velocity, and stresses in loess debris flows
Shu, Heping
Landslides
debris flow
flume experiments
loess
China
Esllavissades
Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Enginyeria civil::Geotècnia::Mecànica de sòls
title_short Effect of density and total weight on flow depth, velocity, and stresses in loess debris flows
title_full Effect of density and total weight on flow depth, velocity, and stresses in loess debris flows
title_fullStr Effect of density and total weight on flow depth, velocity, and stresses in loess debris flows
title_full_unstemmed Effect of density and total weight on flow depth, velocity, and stresses in loess debris flows
title_sort Effect of density and total weight on flow depth, velocity, and stresses in loess debris flows
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Shu, Heping
Ma, Jinzhu
Yu, Haichao
Hurlimann Ziegler, Marcel|||0000-0003-0119-1438
author Shu, Heping
author_facet Shu, Heping
Ma, Jinzhu
Yu, Haichao
Hurlimann Ziegler, Marcel|||0000-0003-0119-1438
author_role author
author2 Ma, Jinzhu
Yu, Haichao
Hurlimann Ziegler, Marcel|||0000-0003-0119-1438
author2_role author
author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Landslides
debris flow
flume experiments
loess
China
Esllavissades
Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Enginyeria civil::Geotècnia::Mecànica de sòls
topic Landslides
debris flow
flume experiments
loess
China
Esllavissades
Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Enginyeria civil::Geotècnia::Mecànica de sòls
description Debris flows that involve loess material produce important damage around the world. However, the kinematics of such processes are poorly understood. To better understand these kinematics, we used a flume to measure the kinematics of debris flows with different mixture densities and weights. We used sensors to measure pore fluid pressure and total normal stress. We measured flow patterns, velocities, and depths using a high-speed camera and laser range finder to identify the temporal evolution of the flow behavior and the corresponding peaks. We constructed fitting functions for the relationships between the maximum values of the experimental parameters. The hydrographs of the debris flows could be divided into four phases: increase to a first minor peak, a subsequent smooth increase to a second peak, fluctuation until a third major peak, and a final continuous decrease. The flow depth, velocity, total normal stress, and pore fluid pressure were strongly related to the mixture density and total mixture weight. We defined the corresponding relationships between the flow parameters and mixture kinematics. Linear and exponential relationships described the maximum flow depth and the mixture weight and density, respectively. The flow velocity was linearly related to the weight and density. The pore fluid pressure and total normal stress were linearly related to the weight, but logarithmically related to the density. The regression goodness of fit for all functions was >0.93. Therefore, these functions are accurate and could be used to predict the consequences of loess debris flows. Our results provide an improved understanding of the effects of mixture density and weight on the kinematics of debris flows in loess areas, and can help landscape managers prevent and design improved engineering solutions.
publishDate 2018
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2018
2018-12-01
2019
2019-01-29
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv journal article
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
VoR
http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85
dc.type.openaire.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
format article
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv https://hdl.handle.net/2117/127815
https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w10121784
url https://hdl.handle.net/2117/127815
https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w10121784
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
eng
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
language eng
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv open access
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
Attribution 3.0 Spain
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/
dc.rights.openaire.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv open access
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
Attribution 3.0 Spain
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:UPCommons. Portal del coneixement obert de la UPC
instname:Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC)
instname_str Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC)
reponame_str UPCommons. Portal del coneixement obert de la UPC
collection UPCommons. Portal del coneixement obert de la UPC
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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score 15,301603

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