Sudano-Zambezian environments at Ewass Oldupa, Oldupai Gorge: 2-million-year-old microvertebrates below Tuff IA (Lower Bed I)

Taxonomic and taphonomic analyses of small vertebrate assemblages from Lower Bed I (below Tuff IA, Oldupai Gorge, Tanzania) provide a high-resolution reconstruction of phytogeographic biomes and paleolandscapes from 2 million years ago, offering insights that other proxies cannot reveal. This study...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Akuku, Pamela, López-García, Juan Manuel, Blain, Hugues-Alexandre, Núñez-Lahuerta, Carmen, Mercader, Julio, Mwambwiga, Aloyce, Mohamed, Abdallah, Sánchez-Bandera, Christian, Fagoaga, Ana, Saladie, Palmira
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2025
País:España
Institución:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
Repositorio:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
OAI Identifier:oai:dnet:digitalcsic_::3502ec771d2967e9cad09eb23e6a5429
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/10261/431182
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Microfauna
Mutual Ecographic Range
Oldupai Gorge
Paleoclimate
Woodland mosaics
Descripción
Sumario:Taxonomic and taphonomic analyses of small vertebrate assemblages from Lower Bed I (below Tuff IA, Oldupai Gorge, Tanzania) provide a high-resolution reconstruction of phytogeographic biomes and paleolandscapes from 2 million years ago, offering insights that other proxies cannot reveal. This study extends our understanding of the Oldupai Pleistocene hominin landscape by examining Oldowan small vertebrates dating from 2.0–1.8 Ma. The assemblage includes amphibians, snakes, birds, procaviids, rodents, and lagomorphs from Ewass Oldupa, analyzed from both paleontological and taphonomic perspectives. Using two methods—Mutual Ecogeographic Range and Taxonomic Habitat Index —we reconstruct mean annual temperature and precipitation to reveal habitats that supported local populations of amphibians, snakes, birds, hyraxes, rodents, and hares. The Ewass Oldupa paleoenvironment was significantly warmer and more humid, with a precipitation differential exceeding 700 mm compared to the present day. These findings highlight substantial faunal turnover and environmental variability in local mosaics, including both Somalia-Masai woodland mosaics and Sudano-Zambezian miombo woodlands. The analysis of microvertebrates supports that early Pleistocene hominin ecology was far more diverse than previously understood, encompassing a multiplicity of biomes that shaped hominin habitats.