Dietary exposure to persistent organic pollutants during pregnancy and child health
Introduction Diet is the main source of exposure to persistent organic pollutants (POPs), including dioxins and PCBs. During pregnancy the fetus is exposed to POPs which can lead to adverse health effects. The research hypothesis of this thesis is that maternal diet, as a source of prenatal exposure...
| Autor: | |
|---|---|
| Tipo de recurso: | tesis doctoral |
| Estado: | Versión publicada |
| Fecha de publicación: | 2013 |
| País: | España |
| Institución: | CBUC, CESCA |
| Repositorio: | TDR. Tesis Doctorales en Red |
| OAI Identifier: | oai:www.tdx.cat:10803/116933 |
| Acceso en línea: | http://hdl.handle.net/10803/116933 |
| Access Level: | acceso abierto |
| Palabra clave: | Anogenital distance Biomarkers Diet Dioxins Fetal growth Persistent organic pollutants Pregnancy Distancia anogenital Biomarcador Dieta Dioxines Creixement fetal Contaminants orgànics persistents Embaràs 614 |
| Sumario: | Introduction Diet is the main source of exposure to persistent organic pollutants (POPs), including dioxins and PCBs. During pregnancy the fetus is exposed to POPs which can lead to adverse health effects. The research hypothesis of this thesis is that maternal diet, as a source of prenatal exposure to POPs, may be linked to impaired fetal growth and endocrine disruptive effects. Methods This thesis included 604 mother-child pairs from the European NewGeneris project, 50,651 mother-child pairs from the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort (MoBa) and 707 mother-child pairs from the Rhea and the Hmar studies. Dietary data were collected during pregnancy by food frequency questionnaires. Three approaches were used to derive dietary estimates of prenatal exposure, either related to levels of POPs in maternal and cord blood or in food. Birth outcome information was obtained by medical registries. Anogenital distance measurements were collected and used as a marker of endocrine disruptive effects. Main predictors of anogenital distance were assessed and a reliability study was conducted. Results In the NewGeneris project, a dioxin-diet characterized by high maternal intakes of meat and fish was positively related to dioxins and dioxin-like compounds in maternal blood. High adherence to the dioxin-diet was associated with a reduction of -115g in birth weight. In the MoBa study, an inverse dose-response association was found between dietary dioxins and PCBs intakes during pregnancy and birth size. The negative association remained even for intakes lower than the tolerable weekly intake. In the Rhea and Hmar studies, anogenital distances were related to growth, tracked through early life and were highly reliable anthropometric measurements. A high-fat diet score during pregnancy was positively related to POPs in maternal blood and was associated with 15% reduction in anogenital distance of newborn boys. Conclusions Diet during pregnancy can influence maternal and fetal body burden of POPs. Prenatal exposure to POPs, through maternal diet, may lead to impaired fetal growth and endocrine disruptive effects, even in populations with low background exposures to POPs. |
|---|