Ectopic expression of DNMT3L in human trophoblast stem cells restores features of the placental methylome

The placental DNA methylation landscape is unique, with widespread partially methylated domains (PMDs). The placental ‘‘methylome’’ is conserved across mammals, a shared feature of many cancers, and extensively studied for links with pregnancy complications. Human trophoblast stem cells (hTSCs) offe...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Lea, Georgia, Doria-Borrell, Paula, Ferrero-Micó, Ana, Varma, Anakha, Simon, Claire, Anderson, Holly, Biggins, Laura, De Clercq, Katrien, Andrews, Simon, Niakan, Kathy K., Gahurova, Lenka, McGovern, Naomi, Pérez-García, Vicente, Hanna, Courtney W.
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2025
País:España
Institución:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
Repositorio:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
OAI Identifier:oai:digital.csic.es:10261/397898
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/10261/397898
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:DNMT3L
DNA methylation
placenta
human trophoblast stem cells
epigenetics
histone modifications
differentiation
syncytiotrophoblast
partially methylated domains
Descripción
Sumario:The placental DNA methylation landscape is unique, with widespread partially methylated domains (PMDs). The placental ‘‘methylome’’ is conserved across mammals, a shared feature of many cancers, and extensively studied for links with pregnancy complications. Human trophoblast stem cells (hTSCs) offer exciting potential for functional studies to better understand this epigenetic feature; however, whether the hTSC epigenome recapitulates primary trophoblast remains unclear. We find that hTSCs exhibit an atypical methylome compared with trophectoderm and 1st trimester cytotrophoblast. Regardless of cell origin, oxygen levels, or culture conditions, hTSCs show localized DNA methylation within transcribed gene bodies and a complete loss of PMDs. Unlike early human trophoblasts, hTSCs display a notable absence of DNMT3L expression, which is necessary for PMD establishment in mouse trophoblasts. Remarkably, we demonstrate that ectopic expression of DNMT3L in hTSCs restores placental PMDs, supporting a conserved role for DNMT3L in de novo methylation in trophoblast development in human embryogenesis.