The colors of the circus mosaic from Barcino (Roman Barcelona) : characterization, provenance and technology issues

Archaeometric studies on mosaics often concentrate only on glass tesserae, while comprehensive studies including both stone and glass tesserae are scarce; however, both types of tesserae can sometimes bring relevant data to elaborate archaeological knowledge on a studied mosaic. In this paper, a rep...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Casas, Lluís, Febo, Roberta di, Boix Martínez, Carme|||0000-0003-0639-8163, Egea, Albert, Vallcorba, Oriol, Queralt, Ignasi, Anglisano, Anna, Moreno, Isabel, Andino, Lorena
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2021
País:España
Institución:Universidad de Alcalá (UAH)
Repositorio:e_Buah Biblioteca Digital Universidad de Alcalá
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:ebuah.uah.es:10017/68491
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/10017/68491
https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min11070746
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Mosaic
Archaeometry
Glass and stone tesserae
Provenance
Opacification
Cathodoluminescence
Roman period
Thin section petrography
SEM-EDS
Geología
Geology
Descripción
Sumario:Archaeometric studies on mosaics often concentrate only on glass tesserae, while comprehensive studies including both stone and glass tesserae are scarce; however, both types of tesserae can sometimes bring relevant data to elaborate archaeological knowledge on a studied mosaic. In this paper, a representative set of tesserae from a large polychrome Roman mosaic retrieved in Barcelona (NE Spain) is investigated using various methods. Most of the techniques were directly applied on samples prepared as petrographic thin sections (including polarized-light, cathodoluminescence and electron microscopies, and synchrotron through-the-substrate X-ray diffraction). The results indicate that, from the ten sampled stone tesserae, there are (i) seven limestones, one of them identified as Alveolina limestone (early Eocene) from the southern Pyrenees (ii) two sandstones from Barcelona"s Montjuïc hill (Miocene) and, (iii) a Carrara white marble from the Apuan Alps (Italy). The profuse presence of tesserae of both local and imported materials with well-known uses in architecture, epigraphy, and sculpture could imply that tesserae were a by-product of their main use. Two different production technologies were identified for the three sampled glass tesserae. The concurrent use of antimony- and tin-based opacifiers is in agreement with the accepted archaeological chronology of the mosaic (4th century AD).