The influence of the machining drill and direction of rotation on the surfaces of Ti6Al4V dental implants subjected to implantoplasty

Implantoplasty is widely used to treat peri-implantitis by removing biofilms from Ti6Al4V dental implants using rotating drills. This study examined the effects of diamond and tungsten carbide drills, and rotation direction (clockwise/counterclockwise), on surface modification, corrosion behavior, a...

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Autores: Padullés Gaspar, Esteban, Real Voltas, Francisco, Padullés Roig, Esteban, Punset Fuste, Miquel|||0000-0002-1904-8667, Cabanes Gumbau, Guillermo|||0000-0002-9927-5009, Fernández Gutiérrez, Pablo|||0009-0008-9188-6463, Gil Mur, Francisco Javier|||0000-0002-6824-1412
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2025
País:España
Institución:Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC)
Repositorio:UPCommons. Portal del coneixement obert de la UPC
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:dnet:upcommonspor::805145f314e2bfbbc3e7ba7dc46b6101
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/2117/460112
https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jfb16060224
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Harbors
Peri-implantitis
Implantoplasty
Ti6Al4V
Titanium
Dental implant
Corrosion resistance
Ion release
Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Enginyeria biomèdica::Biomaterials
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spelling The influence of the machining drill and direction of rotation on the surfaces of Ti6Al4V dental implants subjected to implantoplastyPadullés Gaspar, EstebanReal Voltas, FranciscoPadullés Roig, EstebanPunset Fuste, Miquel|||0000-0002-1904-8667Cabanes Gumbau, Guillermo|||0000-0002-9927-5009Fernández Gutiérrez, Pablo|||0009-0008-9188-6463Gil Mur, Francisco Javier|||0000-0002-6824-1412HarborsPeri-implantitisImplantoplastyTi6Al4VTitaniumDental implantCorrosion resistanceIon releaseÀrees temàtiques de la UPC::Enginyeria biomèdica::BiomaterialsImplantoplasty is widely used to treat peri-implantitis by removing biofilms from Ti6Al4V dental implants using rotating drills. This study examined the effects of diamond and tungsten carbide drills, and rotation direction (clockwise/counterclockwise), on surface modification, corrosion behavior, and cytotoxicity. Machining was performed for one minute under a controlled load. Surface roughness, nanohardness, compressive residual stress, and wettability were evaluated, along with SEM and EDX microanalyses of the residues. Corrosion behavior was evaluated using potentiostatic and potentiodynamic tests in Hank’s solution. Ion release was monitored over time, and fibroblast viability was tested using extracts at various dilutions. The higher abrasiveness of diamond drills leads to increases roughness from 0.22 mm (control) to 0.73 and 0.59 for diamond and tungsten carbide drills, respectively; in hardness from 2.2 GPa for the control to 4.8 and 3.9 GPa; and in residual compressive stress from -26 to -125 and -111 MPa, with diamond drills inducing more significant changes and producing more hydrophilic surfaces with contact angles around 54° in relation to 80° and 62° for the control and tungsten carbide, respectively. Tungsten carbide drills caused lower corrosion rates (0.0323 mm/year) than diamond drills (0.052 mm/year). In addition, we observed the presence of tungsten ion release. Cytotoxic effects on human fibroblasts were observed with both bur types, and were more pronounced with tungsten carbide, especially at lower dilutions. Only 1:10 dilutions maintained consistent cytocompatibility. The rotation direction showed no significant impact. These findings emphasize the critical influence of bur selection in implantoplasty on the biological response of surrounding tissues.The authors thank the Spanish Government, who supported this study through the research project MINECO (PID2022-137496OB-I00), and the Klockner dental system (Escaldes Engordany, Andorra).Peer ReviewedMultidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)20252025-06-1620262026-04-01journal articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501VoRhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85info:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttps://hdl.handle.net/2117/460112https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jfb16060224reponame:UPCommons. Portal del coneixement obert de la UPCinstname:Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC)InglésengAgencia Estatal de Investigación http://doi.org/10.13039/501100011033 Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2021-2023 PID2022-137496OB-I00 INTERFACES Y MATERIALES BIOINSPIRADOS PARA LA PREVENCION DE INFECCIONES EN IMPLANTES TRANSEPITELIALESopen accesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Attribution 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:dnet:upcommonspor::805145f314e2bfbbc3e7ba7dc46b61012026-05-27T15:37:01Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv The influence of the machining drill and direction of rotation on the surfaces of Ti6Al4V dental implants subjected to implantoplasty
title The influence of the machining drill and direction of rotation on the surfaces of Ti6Al4V dental implants subjected to implantoplasty
spellingShingle The influence of the machining drill and direction of rotation on the surfaces of Ti6Al4V dental implants subjected to implantoplasty
Padullés Gaspar, Esteban
Harbors
Peri-implantitis
Implantoplasty
Ti6Al4V
Titanium
Dental implant
Corrosion resistance
Ion release
Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Enginyeria biomèdica::Biomaterials
title_short The influence of the machining drill and direction of rotation on the surfaces of Ti6Al4V dental implants subjected to implantoplasty
title_full The influence of the machining drill and direction of rotation on the surfaces of Ti6Al4V dental implants subjected to implantoplasty
title_fullStr The influence of the machining drill and direction of rotation on the surfaces of Ti6Al4V dental implants subjected to implantoplasty
title_full_unstemmed The influence of the machining drill and direction of rotation on the surfaces of Ti6Al4V dental implants subjected to implantoplasty
title_sort The influence of the machining drill and direction of rotation on the surfaces of Ti6Al4V dental implants subjected to implantoplasty
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Padullés Gaspar, Esteban
Real Voltas, Francisco
Padullés Roig, Esteban
Punset Fuste, Miquel|||0000-0002-1904-8667
Cabanes Gumbau, Guillermo|||0000-0002-9927-5009
Fernández Gutiérrez, Pablo|||0009-0008-9188-6463
Gil Mur, Francisco Javier|||0000-0002-6824-1412
author Padullés Gaspar, Esteban
author_facet Padullés Gaspar, Esteban
Real Voltas, Francisco
Padullés Roig, Esteban
Punset Fuste, Miquel|||0000-0002-1904-8667
Cabanes Gumbau, Guillermo|||0000-0002-9927-5009
Fernández Gutiérrez, Pablo|||0009-0008-9188-6463
Gil Mur, Francisco Javier|||0000-0002-6824-1412
author_role author
author2 Real Voltas, Francisco
Padullés Roig, Esteban
Punset Fuste, Miquel|||0000-0002-1904-8667
Cabanes Gumbau, Guillermo|||0000-0002-9927-5009
Fernández Gutiérrez, Pablo|||0009-0008-9188-6463
Gil Mur, Francisco Javier|||0000-0002-6824-1412
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Harbors
Peri-implantitis
Implantoplasty
Ti6Al4V
Titanium
Dental implant
Corrosion resistance
Ion release
Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Enginyeria biomèdica::Biomaterials
topic Harbors
Peri-implantitis
Implantoplasty
Ti6Al4V
Titanium
Dental implant
Corrosion resistance
Ion release
Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Enginyeria biomèdica::Biomaterials
description Implantoplasty is widely used to treat peri-implantitis by removing biofilms from Ti6Al4V dental implants using rotating drills. This study examined the effects of diamond and tungsten carbide drills, and rotation direction (clockwise/counterclockwise), on surface modification, corrosion behavior, and cytotoxicity. Machining was performed for one minute under a controlled load. Surface roughness, nanohardness, compressive residual stress, and wettability were evaluated, along with SEM and EDX microanalyses of the residues. Corrosion behavior was evaluated using potentiostatic and potentiodynamic tests in Hank’s solution. Ion release was monitored over time, and fibroblast viability was tested using extracts at various dilutions. The higher abrasiveness of diamond drills leads to increases roughness from 0.22 mm (control) to 0.73 and 0.59 for diamond and tungsten carbide drills, respectively; in hardness from 2.2 GPa for the control to 4.8 and 3.9 GPa; and in residual compressive stress from -26 to -125 and -111 MPa, with diamond drills inducing more significant changes and producing more hydrophilic surfaces with contact angles around 54° in relation to 80° and 62° for the control and tungsten carbide, respectively. Tungsten carbide drills caused lower corrosion rates (0.0323 mm/year) than diamond drills (0.052 mm/year). In addition, we observed the presence of tungsten ion release. Cytotoxic effects on human fibroblasts were observed with both bur types, and were more pronounced with tungsten carbide, especially at lower dilutions. Only 1:10 dilutions maintained consistent cytocompatibility. The rotation direction showed no significant impact. These findings emphasize the critical influence of bur selection in implantoplasty on the biological response of surrounding tissues.
publishDate 2025
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2025
2025-06-16
2026
2026-04-01
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv journal article
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
VoR
http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85
dc.type.openaire.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
format article
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv https://hdl.handle.net/2117/460112
https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jfb16060224
url https://hdl.handle.net/2117/460112
https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jfb16060224
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
eng
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
language eng
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv Agencia Estatal de Investigación http://doi.org/10.13039/501100011033 Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2021-2023 PID2022-137496OB-I00 INTERFACES Y MATERIALES BIOINSPIRADOS PARA LA PREVENCION DE INFECCIONES EN IMPLANTES TRANSEPITELIALES
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv open access
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
Attribution 4.0 International
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.rights.openaire.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv open access
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
Attribution 4.0 International
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:UPCommons. Portal del coneixement obert de la UPC
instname:Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC)
instname_str Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC)
reponame_str UPCommons. Portal del coneixement obert de la UPC
collection UPCommons. Portal del coneixement obert de la UPC
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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score 15,812429

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