Mixing of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) enhances structural heterogeneity, and the effect increases with water availability

The mixing of tree species with complementary ecological traits may modify forest functioning regarding productivity, stability, or resilience against disturbances. This may be achieved by a higher heterogeneity in stand structure which is often addressed but rarely quantified. Here, we use 32 tripl...

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Autores: Pretzsch, Hans, del Río, Miren, Schütze, Gerhard, Ammer, Christian, Annighöfer, P., Avdagic, A., Barbeito, I., Bielak, Kamil, Brazaitis, G., Coll Mir, Lluís, Drössler, L., Fabrika, M., Forrester, David I., Kurylyak, Viktor, Löf, Magnus, Lombardi, Fabio, Matović, Bratislav, Mohren, Frits, Motta, R., den Ouden, Jan, Pach, Maciej, Ponette, Quentin, Skrzyszewski, J., Srámek, V., Sterba, Hubert, Svoboda, M., Verheyen, Kris, Zlatanov, Tzvetan, Bravo-Oviedo, A.
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión enviada para evaluación y publicación
Fecha de publicación:2016
País:España
Institución:Varias* (Consorci de Biblioteques Universitáries de Catalunya, Centre de Serveis Científics i Acadèmics de Catalunya)
Repositorio:Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya
OAI Identifier:oai:recercat.cat:10459.1/68413
Acceso en línea:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2016.04.043
http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/68413
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Additive mixing effect
Multiplicative mixing effect
Morphological variability
Stand density
Tree size inequality
Overyielding
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repository_id_str
spelling Mixing of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) enhances structural heterogeneity, and the effect increases with water availabilityPretzsch, Hansdel Río, MirenSchütze, GerhardAmmer, ChristianAnnighöfer, P.Avdagic, A.Barbeito, I.Bielak, KamilBrazaitis, G.Coll Mir, LluísDrössler, L.Fabrika, M.Forrester, David I.Kurylyak, ViktorLöf, MagnusLombardi, FabioMatović, BratislavMohren, FritsMotta, R.den Ouden, JanPach, MaciejPonette, QuentinSkrzyszewski, J.Srámek, V.Sterba, HubertSvoboda, M.Verheyen, KrisZlatanov, TzvetanBravo-Oviedo, A.Additive mixing effectMultiplicative mixing effectMorphological variabilityStand densityTree size inequalityOveryieldingThe mixing of tree species with complementary ecological traits may modify forest functioning regarding productivity, stability, or resilience against disturbances. This may be achieved by a higher heterogeneity in stand structure which is often addressed but rarely quantified. Here, we use 32 triplets of mature and fully stocked monocultures and mixed stands of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) located along a productivity and water availability gradient through Europe to examine how mixing modifies the stand structure in terms of stand density, horizontal tree distribution pattern, vertical stand structure, size distribution pattern, and variation in tree morphology. We further analyze how site conditions modify these aspects of stand structure. For this typical mixture of a light demanding and shade tolerant species we show that (i) mixing significantly increases many aspects of structural heterogeneity compared with monocultures, (ii) mixing effects such as an increase of stand density and diversification of vertical structure and tree morphology are caused by species identity (additive effects) but also by species interactions (multiplicative effects), and (iii) superior heterogeneity of mixed stands over monocultures can increase from dry to moist sites. We discuss the implications for analyzing the productivity, for modelling and for the management of mixed species stands.The networking in this study has been supported by COST Action FP1206 EuMIXFOR. All contributors thank their national funding institutions and the woodland owners for agreeing to establish, measure, and analyze data from the triplets. The first author also thanks the Bayerischen Staatsforsten (BaySF) for supporting the establishment of the plots, the Bavarian State Ministry for Nutrition, Agriculture, and Forestry for permanent support of the project W 07 “Long-term experimental plots for forest growth and yield research” (# 7831-22209-2013) and the German Science Foundation for providing the funds for the projects PR 292/12-1 “Tree and stand-level growth reactions on drought in mixed versus pure forests of Norway spruce and European beech”. The second author thanks the COST Action FP1206 EuMIXFOR for funding the STSM FP1206-160714-045064, and the Spanish project AGL2014-51964-C2-2-R.Elsevier202020202016info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/submittedVersionhttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2016.04.043http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/68413http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/68413reponame:Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunyainstname:Varias* (Consorci de Biblioteques Universitáries de Catalunya, Centre de Serveis Científics i Acadèmics de Catalunya)Inglésinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/MINECO//AGL2014-51964-C2-2-RVersió preprint del document publicat a: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2016.04.043Forest Ecology and Management, 2016, vol. 373, p. 149-166(c) Elsevier, 2016info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:recercat.cat:10459.1/684132026-05-29T05:05:01Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Mixing of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) enhances structural heterogeneity, and the effect increases with water availability
title Mixing of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) enhances structural heterogeneity, and the effect increases with water availability
spellingShingle Mixing of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) enhances structural heterogeneity, and the effect increases with water availability
Pretzsch, Hans
Additive mixing effect
Multiplicative mixing effect
Morphological variability
Stand density
Tree size inequality
Overyielding
title_short Mixing of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) enhances structural heterogeneity, and the effect increases with water availability
title_full Mixing of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) enhances structural heterogeneity, and the effect increases with water availability
title_fullStr Mixing of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) enhances structural heterogeneity, and the effect increases with water availability
title_full_unstemmed Mixing of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) enhances structural heterogeneity, and the effect increases with water availability
title_sort Mixing of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) enhances structural heterogeneity, and the effect increases with water availability
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Pretzsch, Hans
del Río, Miren
Schütze, Gerhard
Ammer, Christian
Annighöfer, P.
Avdagic, A.
Barbeito, I.
Bielak, Kamil
Brazaitis, G.
Coll Mir, Lluís
Drössler, L.
Fabrika, M.
Forrester, David I.
Kurylyak, Viktor
Löf, Magnus
Lombardi, Fabio
Matović, Bratislav
Mohren, Frits
Motta, R.
den Ouden, Jan
Pach, Maciej
Ponette, Quentin
Skrzyszewski, J.
Srámek, V.
Sterba, Hubert
Svoboda, M.
Verheyen, Kris
Zlatanov, Tzvetan
Bravo-Oviedo, A.
author Pretzsch, Hans
author_facet Pretzsch, Hans
del Río, Miren
Schütze, Gerhard
Ammer, Christian
Annighöfer, P.
Avdagic, A.
Barbeito, I.
Bielak, Kamil
Brazaitis, G.
Coll Mir, Lluís
Drössler, L.
Fabrika, M.
Forrester, David I.
Kurylyak, Viktor
Löf, Magnus
Lombardi, Fabio
Matović, Bratislav
Mohren, Frits
Motta, R.
den Ouden, Jan
Pach, Maciej
Ponette, Quentin
Skrzyszewski, J.
Srámek, V.
Sterba, Hubert
Svoboda, M.
Verheyen, Kris
Zlatanov, Tzvetan
Bravo-Oviedo, A.
author_role author
author2 del Río, Miren
Schütze, Gerhard
Ammer, Christian
Annighöfer, P.
Avdagic, A.
Barbeito, I.
Bielak, Kamil
Brazaitis, G.
Coll Mir, Lluís
Drössler, L.
Fabrika, M.
Forrester, David I.
Kurylyak, Viktor
Löf, Magnus
Lombardi, Fabio
Matović, Bratislav
Mohren, Frits
Motta, R.
den Ouden, Jan
Pach, Maciej
Ponette, Quentin
Skrzyszewski, J.
Srámek, V.
Sterba, Hubert
Svoboda, M.
Verheyen, Kris
Zlatanov, Tzvetan
Bravo-Oviedo, A.
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Additive mixing effect
Multiplicative mixing effect
Morphological variability
Stand density
Tree size inequality
Overyielding
topic Additive mixing effect
Multiplicative mixing effect
Morphological variability
Stand density
Tree size inequality
Overyielding
description The mixing of tree species with complementary ecological traits may modify forest functioning regarding productivity, stability, or resilience against disturbances. This may be achieved by a higher heterogeneity in stand structure which is often addressed but rarely quantified. Here, we use 32 triplets of mature and fully stocked monocultures and mixed stands of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) located along a productivity and water availability gradient through Europe to examine how mixing modifies the stand structure in terms of stand density, horizontal tree distribution pattern, vertical stand structure, size distribution pattern, and variation in tree morphology. We further analyze how site conditions modify these aspects of stand structure. For this typical mixture of a light demanding and shade tolerant species we show that (i) mixing significantly increases many aspects of structural heterogeneity compared with monocultures, (ii) mixing effects such as an increase of stand density and diversification of vertical structure and tree morphology are caused by species identity (additive effects) but also by species interactions (multiplicative effects), and (iii) superior heterogeneity of mixed stands over monocultures can increase from dry to moist sites. We discuss the implications for analyzing the productivity, for modelling and for the management of mixed species stands.
publishDate 2016
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2016
2020
2020
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/submittedVersion
format article
status_str submittedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2016.04.043
http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/68413
http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/68413
url https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2016.04.043
http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/68413
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/MINECO//AGL2014-51964-C2-2-R
Versió preprint del document publicat a: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2016.04.043
Forest Ecology and Management, 2016, vol. 373, p. 149-166
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv (c) Elsevier, 2016
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv (c) Elsevier, 2016
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Elsevier
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Elsevier
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya
instname:Varias* (Consorci de Biblioteques Universitáries de Catalunya, Centre de Serveis Científics i Acadèmics de Catalunya)
instname_str Varias* (Consorci de Biblioteques Universitáries de Catalunya, Centre de Serveis Científics i Acadèmics de Catalunya)
reponame_str Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya
collection Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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score 15,811543

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