AI-Driven UAV and IoT Traffic Optimization: Large Language Models for Congestion and Emission Reduction in Smart Cities

[EN] Traffic congestion and carbon emissions remain pressing challenges in urban mobility. This study explores the integration of UAV (drone)-based monitoring systems and IoT sensors, modeled as induction loops, with Large Language Models (LLMs) to optimize traffic flow. Using the SUMO simulator, we...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Moraga, Álvaro, de Curtò, J., de Zarzà, I., Tavares De Araujo Cesariny Calafate, Carlos Miguel|||0000-0001-5729-3041
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2025
País:España
Institución:Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV)
Repositorio:RiuNet. Repositorio Institucional de la Universitat Politécnica de Valéncia
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:riunet.upv.es:10251/230343
Acceso en línea:https://riunet.upv.es/handle/10251/230343
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Traffic optimization
IoT
Large language models
SUMO
Smart mobility
AI-driven traffic control
Urban congestion
CO2 emission reduction
UAV
Drone-assisted traffic management
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Descripción
Sumario:[EN] Traffic congestion and carbon emissions remain pressing challenges in urban mobility. This study explores the integration of UAV (drone)-based monitoring systems and IoT sensors, modeled as induction loops, with Large Language Models (LLMs) to optimize traffic flow. Using the SUMO simulator, we conducted experiments in three urban scenarios: Pacific Beach and Coronado in San Diego, and Arguelles in Madrid. A Gemini-2.0-Flash experimental LLM was interfaced with the simulation to dynamically adjust vehicle speeds based on real-time traffic conditions. Comparative results indicate that the AI-assisted approach significantly reduces congestion and CO2 emissions compared to a baseline simulation without AI intervention. This research highlights the potential of UAV-enhanced IoT frameworks for adaptive, scalable traffic management, aligning with the future of drone-assisted urban mobility solutions.