SoK: network-level attacks on the bitcoin P2P network

Over the last decade, Bitcoin has revolutionized the global economic and technological landscape, inspiring a new generation of blockchain-based technologies. Its protocol is today among the most influential for cryptocurrencies and distributed networks. In particular, the P2P layer represents a ref...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Franzoni, Federico, Daza, Vanesa
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2022
País:España
Institución:Universitat Pompeu Fabra
Repositorio:Repositorio Digital de la UPF
OAI Identifier:oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/55353
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/10230/55353
http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2022.3204387
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:blockchain
bitcoin P2P network
bitcoin security
survey
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spelling SoK: network-level attacks on the bitcoin P2P networkFranzoni, FedericoDaza, Vanesablockchainbitcoin P2P networkbitcoin securitysurveyOver the last decade, Bitcoin has revolutionized the global economic and technological landscape, inspiring a new generation of blockchain-based technologies. Its protocol is today among the most influential for cryptocurrencies and distributed networks. In particular, the P2P layer represents a reference point for all permissionless blockchains, which often implement its solutions in their network layer. Unfortunately, the Bitcoin network protocol lacks a strong security model, leaving it exposed to several threats. Attacks at this level can affect the reliability and trustworthiness of the consensus layer, mining the credibility of the whole system. It is therefore of utmost importance to properly understand and address the security of the Bitcoin P2P protocol. In this paper, we give a comprehensive and detailed overview of known network-level attacks in Bitcoin, as well as the countermeasures that have been implemented in the protocol. We propose a generic network adversary model, and propose an objective-based taxonomy of the attacks. Finally, we identify the core weaknesses of the protocol and study the relationship between different types of attack. We believe our contribution can help both new and experienced researchers have a broader and deeper understanding of the Bitcoin P2P network and its threats, and allow for a better modeling of its security properties.This work was supported in part by AEI/FEDER, UE, under Project RTI2018-102112-B-I00.Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)202320232022info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionapplication/pdfapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/10230/55353http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2022.3204387reponame:Repositorio Digital de la UPFinstname:Universitat Pompeu FabraInglésIEEE Access. 2022;10:94924-62.info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/2PE/RTI2018-102112-B-I00This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License. For more information, see https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/553532026-06-12T07:21:37Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv SoK: network-level attacks on the bitcoin P2P network
title SoK: network-level attacks on the bitcoin P2P network
spellingShingle SoK: network-level attacks on the bitcoin P2P network
Franzoni, Federico
blockchain
bitcoin P2P network
bitcoin security
survey
title_short SoK: network-level attacks on the bitcoin P2P network
title_full SoK: network-level attacks on the bitcoin P2P network
title_fullStr SoK: network-level attacks on the bitcoin P2P network
title_full_unstemmed SoK: network-level attacks on the bitcoin P2P network
title_sort SoK: network-level attacks on the bitcoin P2P network
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Franzoni, Federico
Daza, Vanesa
author Franzoni, Federico
author_facet Franzoni, Federico
Daza, Vanesa
author_role author
author2 Daza, Vanesa
author2_role author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv blockchain
bitcoin P2P network
bitcoin security
survey
topic blockchain
bitcoin P2P network
bitcoin security
survey
description Over the last decade, Bitcoin has revolutionized the global economic and technological landscape, inspiring a new generation of blockchain-based technologies. Its protocol is today among the most influential for cryptocurrencies and distributed networks. In particular, the P2P layer represents a reference point for all permissionless blockchains, which often implement its solutions in their network layer. Unfortunately, the Bitcoin network protocol lacks a strong security model, leaving it exposed to several threats. Attacks at this level can affect the reliability and trustworthiness of the consensus layer, mining the credibility of the whole system. It is therefore of utmost importance to properly understand and address the security of the Bitcoin P2P protocol. In this paper, we give a comprehensive and detailed overview of known network-level attacks in Bitcoin, as well as the countermeasures that have been implemented in the protocol. We propose a generic network adversary model, and propose an objective-based taxonomy of the attacks. Finally, we identify the core weaknesses of the protocol and study the relationship between different types of attack. We believe our contribution can help both new and experienced researchers have a broader and deeper understanding of the Bitcoin P2P network and its threats, and allow for a better modeling of its security properties.
publishDate 2022
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2022
2023
2023
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/10230/55353
http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2022.3204387
url http://hdl.handle.net/10230/55353
http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2022.3204387
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv IEEE Access. 2022;10:94924-62.
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/2PE/RTI2018-102112-B-I00
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:Repositorio Digital de la UPF
instname:Universitat Pompeu Fabra
instname_str Universitat Pompeu Fabra
reponame_str Repositorio Digital de la UPF
collection Repositorio Digital de la UPF
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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