Minimizing errors in RT-PCR detection and quantification of SARS-CoV-2 RNA for wastewater surveillance

Wastewater surveillance for pathogens using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) is an effective and resource-efficient tool for gathering community-level public health information, including the incidence of coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19). Surveillance of Severe Acute Respira...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Ahmed, Warish, Simpson, Stuart L., Bertsch, Paul M., Bibby, Kyle, Bivins, Aaron, Blackall, Linda L., Bofill Mas, Silvia, Bosch, Albert, Brandão, João, Choi, Phil M., Ciesielski, Mark, Donner, Erica, D'Souza, Nishita, Farnleitner, Andreas H., Gerrity, Daniel, Gonzalez, Raul, Griffith, John F., Gyawali, Pradip, Haas, Charles N., Hamilton, Kerry A., Hapuarachchi, Hapuarachchige C., Harwood, Valerie J., Haque, Rehnuma, Jackson, Greg, Khan, Stuart J., Khan, Wesaal, Kitajima, Masaaki, Korajkic, Asja, La Rosa, Giuseppina, Layton, Blythe A., Lipp, Erin, McLellan, Sandra L., McMinn, Brian, Medema, Gertjan, Metcalfe, Suzanne, Meijer, Wim G., Mueller, Jochen F., Murphy, Heather, Naughton, Coleen C., Noble, Rachel T., Payyappa, Sudhi, Petterson, Susan, Pitkänen, Tarja, Rajal, Veronica B., Reyneke, Brandon, Roman Jr, Fernando A., Rose, Joan B., Rusiñol Arantegui, Marta, Sadowsky, Michael J., Sala Comorera, Laura, Xiang Setoh, Yin, Sherchan, Samendra P., Sirikanchana, Kwanrawee, Smith, Wendy, Steele, Joshua A., Sabburg, Rosalie, Symonds, Erin M., Thai, Phong, Thomas, Kevin V., Tynan, Josh, Toze, Simon, Thompson, Janelle, Whiteley , Andy S., Chui Ching Wong, Judith, Sano, Daisuke, Wuertz, Stefan, Xagoraraki, Irene, Zhang, Qian, Zimmer Faust, Amity G., Shanks, Orin C.
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2022
País:España
Institución:Universidad de Barcelona
Repositorio:Dipòsit Digital de la UB
OAI Identifier:oai:diposit.ub.edu:2445/194389
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/2445/194389
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:SARS-CoV-2
COVID-19
Aigües residuals
Epidemiologia
Sewage
Epidemiology
Descripción
Sumario:Wastewater surveillance for pathogens using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) is an effective and resource-efficient tool for gathering community-level public health information, including the incidence of coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19). Surveillance of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) inwastewater can potentially provide an earlywarning signal of COVID-19 infections in a community. The capacity of the world's environmental microbiology and virology laboratories for SARS-CoV-2 RNA characterization in wastewater is increasing rapidly. However, there are no standardized protocols or harmonized quality assurance and quality control (QA/QC) procedures for SARS-CoV-2 wastewater surveillance. This paper is a technical review of factors that can cause false-positive and false-negative errors in the surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 RNA inwastewater, culminating in recommended strategies that can be implemented to identify and mitigate some of these errors. Recommendations include stringent QA/QC measures, representative sampling approaches, effective virus concentration and efficient RNA extraction, PCR inhibition assessment, inclusion of sample processing controls, and considerations for RT-PCR assay selection and data interpretation. Clear data interpretation guidelines (e.g., determination of positive and negative samples) are critical, particularlywhen the incidence of SARS-CoV-2 inwastewater is low. Corrective and confirmatory actionsmust be in place for inconclusive results or results diverging fromcurrent trends (e.g., initial onset or reemergence of COVID-19 in a community). It is also prudent to perform interlaboratory comparisons to ensure results' reliability and interpretability for prospective and retrospective analyses. The strategies that are recommended in this review aim to improve SARS-CoV-2 characterization and detection for wastewater surveillance applications. A silver lining of the COVID-19 pandemic is that the efficacy of wastewater surveillance continues to be demonstrated during this global crisis. In the future, wastewater should also play an important role in the surveillance of a range of other communicable diseases.

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