Urban air quality comparison for bus, tram, subway and pedestrian commutes in Barcelona

Access to detailed comparisons in air quality variations encountered when commuting through a city offers the urban traveller more informed choice on how to minimise personal exposure to inhalable pollutants. In this study we report on an experiment designed to compare atmospheric contaminants inhal...

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Autores: Moreno, Teresa, Reche, Cristina, Rivas, Ioar, Minguillón, María Cruz, Martins, Vânia, Vargas, Concepción, Buonanno, Giorgio, Parga, Jesús, Pandolfi, Marco, Brines, Mariola, Ealo, Marina, Fonseca, Ana Sofía, Amato, Fulvio, Sosa, Garay, Capdevila, Marta, de Miguel, Eladio, Querol, Xavier, Gibbons, Wes
Formato: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2015
País:España
Recursos:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
Repositorio:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
OAI Identifier:oai:digital.csic.es:10261/185853
Acesso em linha:http://hdl.handle.net/10261/185853
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palavra-chave:Air quality
Subways
Subway stations
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spelling Urban air quality comparison for bus, tram, subway and pedestrian commutes in BarcelonaMoreno, TeresaReche, CristinaRivas, IoarMinguillón, María CruzMartins, VâniaVargas, ConcepciónBuonanno, GiorgioParga, JesúsPandolfi, MarcoBrines, MariolaEalo, MarinaFonseca, Ana SofíaAmato, FulvioSosa, GarayCapdevila, Martade Miguel, EladioQuerol, XavierGibbons, WesAir qualitySubwaysSubway stationsAccess to detailed comparisons in air quality variations encountered when commuting through a city offers the urban traveller more informed choice on how to minimise personal exposure to inhalable pollutants. In this study we report on an experiment designed to compare atmospheric contaminants inhaled during bus, subway train, tram and walking journeys through the city of Barcelona. Average number concentrations of particles 10-300 nm in size, N, are lowest in the commute using subway trains (N<2.5 ×104part.cm-3), higher during tram travel and suburban walking (2.5 ×104cm-3<N<5.0×104cm-3), and highest in diesel bus or walking in the city centre (N>5.0×104cm-3), with extreme transient peaks at busy traffic crossings commonly exceeding 1.0×105cm-3 and accompanied by peaks in Black Carbon and CO. Subway particles are coarser (mode 90nm) than in buses, trams or outdoors (<70nm), and concentrations of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and Black Carbon are lower in the tram when compared to both bus and subway. CO2 levels in public transport reflect passenger numbers, more than tripling from outdoor levels to >1200ppm in crowded buses and trains. There are also striking differences in inhalable particle chemistry depending on the route chosen, ranging from aluminosiliceous at roadsides and near pavement works, ferruginous with enhanced Mn, Co, Zn, Sr and Ba in the subway environment, and higher levels of Sb and Cu inside the bus. We graphically display such chemical variations using a ternary diagram to emphasise how "air quality" in the city involves a consideration of both physical and chemical parameters, and is not simply a question of measuring particle number or mass. © 2015 The Authors.This work was supported by the ACS Foundation contributing to the dissemination of good environmental practices and environmental protection activities, the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness and FEDER funds within the I+D Project CGL2012-33066 (METRO), and the IMPROVE LIFE project ( LIFE13 ENV/ES/000263 ). VM and ASF acknowledge funding from the European Union Seventh Framework Programme ( FP7/2007-2013 ) for a Marie Curie ITN (Grant agreement no. 315760 HEXACOMM ). Additional funding from AXA Research Fund is acknowledged. Fulvio Amato is beneficiary of the Juan de la Cierva postdoctoral Grant ( JCI-2012-13473 ) from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness. Appendix APeer reviewedElsevierMoreno, Teresa [0000-0003-3235-1027]Reche, Cristina [0000-0002-3387-3989]Minguillón, María Cruz [0000-0002-5464-0391]Martins, Vânia [0000-0003-2465-5880]Pandolfi, Marco [0000-0002-7493-7213]Amato, Fulvio [0000-0003-1546-9154]Querol, Xavier [0000-0002-6549-9899]Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [https://ror.org/02gfc7t72]201920192015info:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501Publisher's versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://hdl.handle.net/10261/185853reponame:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSICinstname:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)Ingléshttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2015.07.022Síinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:digital.csic.es:10261/1858532026-05-22T06:33:51Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Urban air quality comparison for bus, tram, subway and pedestrian commutes in Barcelona
title Urban air quality comparison for bus, tram, subway and pedestrian commutes in Barcelona
spellingShingle Urban air quality comparison for bus, tram, subway and pedestrian commutes in Barcelona
Moreno, Teresa
Air quality
Subways
Subway stations
title_short Urban air quality comparison for bus, tram, subway and pedestrian commutes in Barcelona
title_full Urban air quality comparison for bus, tram, subway and pedestrian commutes in Barcelona
title_fullStr Urban air quality comparison for bus, tram, subway and pedestrian commutes in Barcelona
title_full_unstemmed Urban air quality comparison for bus, tram, subway and pedestrian commutes in Barcelona
title_sort Urban air quality comparison for bus, tram, subway and pedestrian commutes in Barcelona
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Moreno, Teresa
Reche, Cristina
Rivas, Ioar
Minguillón, María Cruz
Martins, Vânia
Vargas, Concepción
Buonanno, Giorgio
Parga, Jesús
Pandolfi, Marco
Brines, Mariola
Ealo, Marina
Fonseca, Ana Sofía
Amato, Fulvio
Sosa, Garay
Capdevila, Marta
de Miguel, Eladio
Querol, Xavier
Gibbons, Wes
author Moreno, Teresa
author_facet Moreno, Teresa
Reche, Cristina
Rivas, Ioar
Minguillón, María Cruz
Martins, Vânia
Vargas, Concepción
Buonanno, Giorgio
Parga, Jesús
Pandolfi, Marco
Brines, Mariola
Ealo, Marina
Fonseca, Ana Sofía
Amato, Fulvio
Sosa, Garay
Capdevila, Marta
de Miguel, Eladio
Querol, Xavier
Gibbons, Wes
author_role author
author2 Reche, Cristina
Rivas, Ioar
Minguillón, María Cruz
Martins, Vânia
Vargas, Concepción
Buonanno, Giorgio
Parga, Jesús
Pandolfi, Marco
Brines, Mariola
Ealo, Marina
Fonseca, Ana Sofía
Amato, Fulvio
Sosa, Garay
Capdevila, Marta
de Miguel, Eladio
Querol, Xavier
Gibbons, Wes
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Moreno, Teresa [0000-0003-3235-1027]
Reche, Cristina [0000-0002-3387-3989]
Minguillón, María Cruz [0000-0002-5464-0391]
Martins, Vânia [0000-0003-2465-5880]
Pandolfi, Marco [0000-0002-7493-7213]
Amato, Fulvio [0000-0003-1546-9154]
Querol, Xavier [0000-0002-6549-9899]
Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [https://ror.org/02gfc7t72]
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Air quality
Subways
Subway stations
topic Air quality
Subways
Subway stations
description Access to detailed comparisons in air quality variations encountered when commuting through a city offers the urban traveller more informed choice on how to minimise personal exposure to inhalable pollutants. In this study we report on an experiment designed to compare atmospheric contaminants inhaled during bus, subway train, tram and walking journeys through the city of Barcelona. Average number concentrations of particles 10-300 nm in size, N, are lowest in the commute using subway trains (N<2.5 ×104part.cm-3), higher during tram travel and suburban walking (2.5 ×104cm-3<N<5.0×104cm-3), and highest in diesel bus or walking in the city centre (N>5.0×104cm-3), with extreme transient peaks at busy traffic crossings commonly exceeding 1.0×105cm-3 and accompanied by peaks in Black Carbon and CO. Subway particles are coarser (mode 90nm) than in buses, trams or outdoors (<70nm), and concentrations of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and Black Carbon are lower in the tram when compared to both bus and subway. CO2 levels in public transport reflect passenger numbers, more than tripling from outdoor levels to >1200ppm in crowded buses and trains. There are also striking differences in inhalable particle chemistry depending on the route chosen, ranging from aluminosiliceous at roadsides and near pavement works, ferruginous with enhanced Mn, Co, Zn, Sr and Ba in the subway environment, and higher levels of Sb and Cu inside the bus. We graphically display such chemical variations using a ternary diagram to emphasise how "air quality" in the city involves a consideration of both physical and chemical parameters, and is not simply a question of measuring particle number or mass. © 2015 The Authors.
publishDate 2015
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2015
2019
2019
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
Publisher's version
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/10261/185853
url http://hdl.handle.net/10261/185853
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2015.07.022
Sí
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Elsevier
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Elsevier
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
instname:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
instname_str Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
reponame_str DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
collection DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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