Evaluation of Topsoil Carbon Content and Quality in a Peatland and Reforested Soil after 50 Years of Soil Restoration in the Sierra de Guadarrama National Park (Spain)

The increase in atmospheric CO2 levels and the advance of desertification due to soil degradation across our planet is becoming one of humanity’s most serious concerns. The restoration and development of soil management techniques are becoming widespread tools to protect soils. The Sierra de Guadarr...

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Authors: Jiménez-González, Marco A., Boubehziz, Sana, Álvarez, Ana M., Carral, Pilar, Marqués-Pérez, María José, Abd-Elmabod, S.K., Almendros Martín, Gonzalo
Format: article
Status:Versión aceptada para publicación
Publication Date:2023
Country:España
Institution:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
Repository:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
OAI Identifier:oai:digital.csic.es:10261/386596
Online Access:http://hdl.handle.net/10261/386596
Access Level:Open access
Keyword:Soil organic matter
Carbon sequestration
Humic acid
Fulvic acid
Climatic change
Greenhouse gases
Humic substances
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spelling Evaluation of Topsoil Carbon Content and Quality in a Peatland and Reforested Soil after 50 Years of Soil Restoration in the Sierra de Guadarrama National Park (Spain)Jiménez-González, Marco A.Boubehziz, SanaÁlvarez, Ana M.Carral, PilarMarqués-Pérez, María JoséAbd-Elmabod, S.K.Almendros Martín, GonzaloSoil organic matterCarbon sequestrationHumic acidFulvic acidClimatic changeGreenhouse gasesHumic substancesThe increase in atmospheric CO2 levels and the advance of desertification due to soil degradation across our planet is becoming one of humanity’s most serious concerns. The restoration and development of soil management techniques are becoming widespread tools to protect soils. The Sierra de Guadarrama National Park (Spain) is an area that has suffered historically severe deforestation, but it was reforested in an extensive program 50 years ago. In this study, an evaluation Citation: Jiménez-González, M.A.; Boubehziz, S.; Álvarez, A.M.; Carral, P.; Marqués-Pérez, M.J.; Abd-Elmabod, S.K.; Almendros, G. Evaluation of Topsoil Carbon Content and Quality in a Peatland and Reforested Soil after 50 Years of Soil Restoration in the Sierra de Guadarrama National Park (Spain). Sustainability 2023, 15, 16312. https://doi.org/10.3390/su152316312 Academic Editors: Marc A. Rosen and Teodor Rusu Received: 27 September 2023 Revised: 15 November 2023 Accepted: 23 November 2023 Published: 25 November 2023 Copyright: © 2023 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by/ 4.0/). of the soils in the restored area was carried out. For this purpose, the chemical composition of the different soil organic matter fractions was characterized using infrared and UV-vis spectroscopies. The results showed a large increase in carbon stocks in the topsoil (0–10 cm) (about 30 Mgha 1 more than the area not reforested) after reforestation 50 years ago. There was also an increased level of transformation of organic carbon into resilient humic structures, which are resistant to degradation. Reforestation activities within the National Park have greatly increased the humification rates of organic matter, resulting in the accumulation of high-quality organic carbon.Peer reviewedAlmendros Martín, Gonzalo [0000-0001-6794-9825]Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [https://ror.org/02gfc7t72]2025202520232025info:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501Postprintinfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersionhttp://hdl.handle.net/10261/386596reponame:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSICinstname:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)Ingléshttp://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su152316312Síinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:digital.csic.es:10261/3865962026-05-22T06:33:51Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Evaluation of Topsoil Carbon Content and Quality in a Peatland and Reforested Soil after 50 Years of Soil Restoration in the Sierra de Guadarrama National Park (Spain)
title Evaluation of Topsoil Carbon Content and Quality in a Peatland and Reforested Soil after 50 Years of Soil Restoration in the Sierra de Guadarrama National Park (Spain)
spellingShingle Evaluation of Topsoil Carbon Content and Quality in a Peatland and Reforested Soil after 50 Years of Soil Restoration in the Sierra de Guadarrama National Park (Spain)
Jiménez-González, Marco A.
Soil organic matter
Carbon sequestration
Humic acid
Fulvic acid
Climatic change
Greenhouse gases
Humic substances
title_short Evaluation of Topsoil Carbon Content and Quality in a Peatland and Reforested Soil after 50 Years of Soil Restoration in the Sierra de Guadarrama National Park (Spain)
title_full Evaluation of Topsoil Carbon Content and Quality in a Peatland and Reforested Soil after 50 Years of Soil Restoration in the Sierra de Guadarrama National Park (Spain)
title_fullStr Evaluation of Topsoil Carbon Content and Quality in a Peatland and Reforested Soil after 50 Years of Soil Restoration in the Sierra de Guadarrama National Park (Spain)
title_full_unstemmed Evaluation of Topsoil Carbon Content and Quality in a Peatland and Reforested Soil after 50 Years of Soil Restoration in the Sierra de Guadarrama National Park (Spain)
title_sort Evaluation of Topsoil Carbon Content and Quality in a Peatland and Reforested Soil after 50 Years of Soil Restoration in the Sierra de Guadarrama National Park (Spain)
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Jiménez-González, Marco A.
Boubehziz, Sana
Álvarez, Ana M.
Carral, Pilar
Marqués-Pérez, María José
Abd-Elmabod, S.K.
Almendros Martín, Gonzalo
author Jiménez-González, Marco A.
author_facet Jiménez-González, Marco A.
Boubehziz, Sana
Álvarez, Ana M.
Carral, Pilar
Marqués-Pérez, María José
Abd-Elmabod, S.K.
Almendros Martín, Gonzalo
author_role author
author2 Boubehziz, Sana
Álvarez, Ana M.
Carral, Pilar
Marqués-Pérez, María José
Abd-Elmabod, S.K.
Almendros Martín, Gonzalo
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Almendros Martín, Gonzalo [0000-0001-6794-9825]
Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [https://ror.org/02gfc7t72]
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Soil organic matter
Carbon sequestration
Humic acid
Fulvic acid
Climatic change
Greenhouse gases
Humic substances
topic Soil organic matter
Carbon sequestration
Humic acid
Fulvic acid
Climatic change
Greenhouse gases
Humic substances
description The increase in atmospheric CO2 levels and the advance of desertification due to soil degradation across our planet is becoming one of humanity’s most serious concerns. The restoration and development of soil management techniques are becoming widespread tools to protect soils. The Sierra de Guadarrama National Park (Spain) is an area that has suffered historically severe deforestation, but it was reforested in an extensive program 50 years ago. In this study, an evaluation Citation: Jiménez-González, M.A.; Boubehziz, S.; Álvarez, A.M.; Carral, P.; Marqués-Pérez, M.J.; Abd-Elmabod, S.K.; Almendros, G. Evaluation of Topsoil Carbon Content and Quality in a Peatland and Reforested Soil after 50 Years of Soil Restoration in the Sierra de Guadarrama National Park (Spain). Sustainability 2023, 15, 16312. https://doi.org/10.3390/su152316312 Academic Editors: Marc A. Rosen and Teodor Rusu Received: 27 September 2023 Revised: 15 November 2023 Accepted: 23 November 2023 Published: 25 November 2023 Copyright: © 2023 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by/ 4.0/). of the soils in the restored area was carried out. For this purpose, the chemical composition of the different soil organic matter fractions was characterized using infrared and UV-vis spectroscopies. The results showed a large increase in carbon stocks in the topsoil (0–10 cm) (about 30 Mgha 1 more than the area not reforested) after reforestation 50 years ago. There was also an increased level of transformation of organic carbon into resilient humic structures, which are resistant to degradation. Reforestation activities within the National Park have greatly increased the humification rates of organic matter, resulting in the accumulation of high-quality organic carbon.
publishDate 2023
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2023
2025
2025
2025
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
Postprint
info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion
format article
status_str acceptedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/10261/386596
url http://hdl.handle.net/10261/386596
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su152316312
Sí
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
instname:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
instname_str Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
reponame_str DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
collection DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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