Tailoring the textural properties of hierarchical porous carbons using deep eutectic solvents

Soft-template approaches have been frequently applied for the preparation of porous carbons. Most of these processes proved highly effective for the preparation of mesoporous carbons with pore diameters below 10 nm but less explored has been the preparation of carbons with mesopores larger than 10 n...

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Autores: López-Salas, Nieves, Carriazo, Daniel, Gutiérrez, María C., Ferrer, M. Luisa, Ovín Ania, María Concepción, Rubio, F., Tamayo, A., Fierro, José L.G., Monte, Francisco del
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión aceptada para publicación
Fecha de publicación:2016
País:España
Institución:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
Repositorio:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
OAI Identifier:oai:digital.csic.es:10261/137657
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/10261/137657
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Carbons
Large mesopores
Bicontinuous structure
Eutectic solvents
Supercapacitors
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spelling Tailoring the textural properties of hierarchical porous carbons using deep eutectic solventsLópez-Salas, NievesCarriazo, DanielGutiérrez, María C.Ferrer, M. LuisaOvín Ania, María ConcepciónRubio, F.Tamayo, A.Fierro, José L.G.Monte, Francisco delCarbonsLarge mesoporesBicontinuous structureEutectic solventsSupercapacitorsSoft-template approaches have been frequently applied for the preparation of porous carbons. Most of these processes proved highly effective for the preparation of mesoporous carbons with pore diameters below 10 nm but less explored has been the preparation of carbons with mesopores larger than 10 nm. The lack of syntheses providing large and well-interconnected mesopores is by no means a trivial issue because it limits the achievement of materials suitable for applications where pore surface accessibility is crucial – e.g. electrodes in supercapacitors or adsorbents in flow-through systems, among others. In this work, we have used deep eutectic solvents (DESs, a sort of ionic liquid, that are obtained by complexation of quaternary ammonium salts with hydrogen-bond donors) composed of resorcinol, urea and choline chloride for the preparation – via formaldehyde polycondensation and subsequent carbonization – of hierarchical porous carbons with micropores and large mesopores within the 10 to 20 nm range. The formation of large mesopores took place at the polycondensation stage via a spinodal decomposition process where some components forming the DES acted as precursors of the polymer phase, while some other ones were segregated into a polymer depleted phase. Thus, the ultimate dimension of the mesopores was controlled by the mass ratio between the segregated and condensed phases, and this mass ratio by the molar ratio of the components forming the original DES. We have finally demonstrated that carbons with larger mesopores exhibited better performance as electrodes in supercapacitor cells.The authors thank Spanish MINECO (grants MAT2012‐34811 and CTM2014‐56770‐R) for financial support. N. López‐Salas also acknowledges MINECO for a FPI research contract.Peer reviewedRoyal Society of Chemistry (UK)Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España)Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [https://ror.org/02gfc7t72]201620162016info:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501Postprintinfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersionhttp://hdl.handle.net/10261/137657reponame:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSICinstname:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)Inglés#PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE#info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/MINECO/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2013-2016/CTM2014‐56770‐Rhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1039/C6TA02704KSíinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:digital.csic.es:10261/1376572026-05-22T06:33:51Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Tailoring the textural properties of hierarchical porous carbons using deep eutectic solvents
title Tailoring the textural properties of hierarchical porous carbons using deep eutectic solvents
spellingShingle Tailoring the textural properties of hierarchical porous carbons using deep eutectic solvents
López-Salas, Nieves
Carbons
Large mesopores
Bicontinuous structure
Eutectic solvents
Supercapacitors
title_short Tailoring the textural properties of hierarchical porous carbons using deep eutectic solvents
title_full Tailoring the textural properties of hierarchical porous carbons using deep eutectic solvents
title_fullStr Tailoring the textural properties of hierarchical porous carbons using deep eutectic solvents
title_full_unstemmed Tailoring the textural properties of hierarchical porous carbons using deep eutectic solvents
title_sort Tailoring the textural properties of hierarchical porous carbons using deep eutectic solvents
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv López-Salas, Nieves
Carriazo, Daniel
Gutiérrez, María C.
Ferrer, M. Luisa
Ovín Ania, María Concepción
Rubio, F.
Tamayo, A.
Fierro, José L.G.
Monte, Francisco del
author López-Salas, Nieves
author_facet López-Salas, Nieves
Carriazo, Daniel
Gutiérrez, María C.
Ferrer, M. Luisa
Ovín Ania, María Concepción
Rubio, F.
Tamayo, A.
Fierro, José L.G.
Monte, Francisco del
author_role author
author2 Carriazo, Daniel
Gutiérrez, María C.
Ferrer, M. Luisa
Ovín Ania, María Concepción
Rubio, F.
Tamayo, A.
Fierro, José L.G.
Monte, Francisco del
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España)
Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [https://ror.org/02gfc7t72]
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Carbons
Large mesopores
Bicontinuous structure
Eutectic solvents
Supercapacitors
topic Carbons
Large mesopores
Bicontinuous structure
Eutectic solvents
Supercapacitors
description Soft-template approaches have been frequently applied for the preparation of porous carbons. Most of these processes proved highly effective for the preparation of mesoporous carbons with pore diameters below 10 nm but less explored has been the preparation of carbons with mesopores larger than 10 nm. The lack of syntheses providing large and well-interconnected mesopores is by no means a trivial issue because it limits the achievement of materials suitable for applications where pore surface accessibility is crucial – e.g. electrodes in supercapacitors or adsorbents in flow-through systems, among others. In this work, we have used deep eutectic solvents (DESs, a sort of ionic liquid, that are obtained by complexation of quaternary ammonium salts with hydrogen-bond donors) composed of resorcinol, urea and choline chloride for the preparation – via formaldehyde polycondensation and subsequent carbonization – of hierarchical porous carbons with micropores and large mesopores within the 10 to 20 nm range. The formation of large mesopores took place at the polycondensation stage via a spinodal decomposition process where some components forming the DES acted as precursors of the polymer phase, while some other ones were segregated into a polymer depleted phase. Thus, the ultimate dimension of the mesopores was controlled by the mass ratio between the segregated and condensed phases, and this mass ratio by the molar ratio of the components forming the original DES. We have finally demonstrated that carbons with larger mesopores exhibited better performance as electrodes in supercapacitor cells.
publishDate 2016
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2016
2016
2016
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
Postprint
info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion
format article
status_str acceptedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/10261/137657
url http://hdl.handle.net/10261/137657
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv #PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE#
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/MINECO/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2013-2016/CTM2014‐56770‐R
http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/C6TA02704K
Sí
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Royal Society of Chemistry (UK)
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Royal Society of Chemistry (UK)
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
instname:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
instname_str Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
reponame_str DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
collection DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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score 15,811543

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