Absolute environmental sustainability assessment of emerging working fluids in organic rankine cycles

New working fluids (WFs) have been recently proposed to enhance the environmental performance of Organic Rankine Cycles (ORCs) in waste heat recovery systems. However, a critical gap remains in the comprehensive evaluation of their environmental impacts, particularly those associated with the produc...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Shirmohammadi, Reza, González Olmos, Rafael, Calvo Serrano, Raul, Llovell, Felix
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2025
País:España
Institución:Universitat Ramon Llull (URL)
Repositorio:DAU Arxiu Digital de la Universitat Ramon Llull
OAI Identifier:oai:dau.url.edu:20.500.14342/5318
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14342/5318
https://doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.5c01290
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:ORC
Fluorinated gases
LCA
Prospective LCA
Planetary boundaries
Sustainability assessment
Cicle de Rankine orgànic
Fluor
Gasos
Anàlisi del cicle de vida
Sostenibilitat
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Descripción
Sumario:New working fluids (WFs) have been recently proposed to enhance the environmental performance of Organic Rankine Cycles (ORCs) in waste heat recovery systems. However, a critical gap remains in the comprehensive evaluation of their environmental impacts, particularly those associated with the production of these compounds and their use in ORC systems. This study performs a comprehensive absolute environmental sustainability assessment (AESA) to evaluate the environmental trade-offs of replacing traditional WFs, such as R245fa, with emerging alternatives in ORC systems. An innovative methodology, integrating process simulation, life cycle assessment (LCA), prospective analysis, and the planetary boundaries (PBs) framework, is employed to provide a holistic sustainability assessment. The results show that using emerging WFs reduces 85% of the carbon footprint of ORCs. Although this transition shifts environmental burdens to the ozone depletion impact category, the system remains within the PBs’ safe operating space. The burden of the other environmental impact categories studied is reduced by more than 15%. The prospective analysis highlights that the transition from current to alternative WFs for ORC systems could cut around 237 million tons of annual CO2 emissions by 2050.