Sex differences in (poly)phenol intake patterns and cardiovascular risk in Spanish adult population at high risk of cardiovascular disease: Cross-sectional findings

BACKGROUND: Men and women tend to follow different dietary patterns, but this is often disregarded when relating diet to health outcomes. OBJECTIVE: Our aim was to analyze (poly)phenol intake patterns and their association with cardiovascular risk (CVR) according to sex. METHODS: 6633 participants w...

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Detalhes bibliográficos
Autores: Rubín-García, María, Vitelli-Storelli, Facundo, Toledo, Estefanía, Álvarez-Álvarez, Laura, Martínez-González, Miguel Ángel, Corella, Dolores, Salas-Salvadó, Jordi, Zomeño, María Dolores, Martínez, J Alfredo, Alonso-Gómez, Ángel M, Wärnberg, Julia, Vioque, Jesús, Romaguera, Dora, López-Miranda, José, Estruch, Ramon, Tinahones, Francisco J, Santos-Lozano, José Manuel, Serra-Majem, Lluis, Bueno-Cavanillas, Aurora, Tur, Josep A., Pintó, Xavier, Gaforio, José Juan, Matía-Martín, Pilar, Vidal, Josep, Mas-Fontao, Sebastián, Daimiel, Lidia, Ros, Emilio, Vázquez-Ruiz, Zenaida, Fernández de la Puente, María, Álvarez-Sala, Andrea, Pérez-Vega, Alejandra, García-Rios, Antonio, González-Palacios, Sandra, Gómez-Pérez, Ana M, Zulet, María Ángeles, Chaplin, Alice, Casas, Rosa, Cano-Ibañez, Naomi, Tojal-Sierra, Lucas, Cueto-Galán, Raquel, Buil-Cosiales, Pilar, Gutiérrez-Carrasquilla, Liliana, Sorli, Jose V, Malcampo, Mireia, Ortiz-Morales, Ana M, Mira-Castejón, Luis Alfredo, Rios, Santiago, Fitó, Montse, Martín-Sánchez, Vicente
Formato: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2025
País:España
Recursos:Conselleria de Salut i Consum del Govern de les Illes Balears
Repositorio:Docusalut
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:docusalut.com:20.500.13003/25890
Acesso em linha:https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.13003/25890
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palavra-chave:Polyphenols
Cardiovascular System
Sex
Polifenoles
Sistema Cardiovascular
Sexo
polyphenols
Cardiovascular
Patterns
Risk
Descrição
Resumo:BACKGROUND: Men and women tend to follow different dietary patterns, but this is often disregarded when relating diet to health outcomes. OBJECTIVE: Our aim was to analyze (poly)phenol intake patterns and their association with cardiovascular risk (CVR) according to sex. METHODS: 6633 participants were included in this cross-sectional study. The intake of 26 (poly)phenol classes/subclasses was included in the factor analysis obtaining for the total sample, men and women. Linear regression models were performed with the estimation of absolute CVR (Framingham equation) as the dependent variable, and each (poly)phenol pattern categorized into quintiles as the independent variable. RESULTS: For the total sample, (poly)phenol pattern three (olives and olive oil) was positively associated with CVR (β = 2.71%, 95% CI = 1.45, 3.96), presenting a higher risk of diabetes prevalence, smoking more and consuming more salt. In men, pattern three (olives and olive oil) was also positively associated with CVR (β = 3.17%, 95% CI = 1.58, 5.64), exhibiting higher prevalence of diabetes and higher sodium intake. Also in men, pattern four (coffee) was positively associated (β = 1.99 %, 95% CI = 0.26, 3.73) presenting a higher diabetes and current smokers prevalence and higher sugar intake. In women, greater adherence to pattern four (coffee) was associated with higher CVR (β = 2.19%, 95% CI = 1.05, 3.34). CONCLUSIONS: We found sex differences in (poly)phenol intake patterns and in their associations with CVR. These differences may be explained by the fact that subjects at higher risk at baseline may be motivated to improve their dietary habit (reverse causality). CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRY NUMBER: The trial was registered at the International Standard Randomized Controlled Trial (ISRCTN89898870).

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