Transcriptional Changes Associated to Flower Bud Dormancy and Flowering in Almond: DNA Sequence Motifs, mRNA Expression, Epigenetic Modifications and Phytohormone Signaling
lowering time in almond [Prunus dulcis (Miller) Webb] is a complex process involving the chilling and heat requirements’ characteristic and genetic background of each cultivar. During the falling temperatures of autumn, cultivated almond, activate a winter-survival strategy called endodormancy to pr...
| Autores: | , , , , |
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| Tipo de recurso: | otro |
| Estado: | Versión aceptada para publicación |
| Fecha de publicación: | 2023 |
| País: | España |
| Institución: | Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) |
| Repositorio: | DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC |
| OAI Identifier: | oai:digital.csic.es:10261/361099 |
| Acceso en línea: | http://hdl.handle.net/10261/361099 |
| Access Level: | acceso abierto |
| Palabra clave: | Prunus dulcis Breeding Flowering Molecular markers Genomics Transcriptomics Epigenetics |
| Sumario: | lowering time in almond [Prunus dulcis (Miller) Webb] is a complex process involving the chilling and heat requirements’ characteristic and genetic background of each cultivar. During the falling temperatures of autumn, cultivated almond, activate a winter-survival strategy called endodormancy to protect against unfavorably cold temperatures. Chill accumulation allows the progression from almond flower bud endodormancy stage to flower bud ecodormancy regulated by heat accumulation. Major breeding challenges to analyze molecular changes associated to bud dormancy and flowering will be the appropriate phenotyping together with the incorporation of genomic, transcriptomic and epigenetic tools for the development of improved breeding strategies. This chapter reviews the transcriptional changes associated to flower bud dormancy and flowering in almond including DNA sequence motifs, mRNA expression, epigenetic modifications and phytohormone signaling. Inheritance and transmission of flowering time and chilling and heat requirements in almond have been largely studied in almond being polygenic traits with high heritability although a major gene late blooming (Lb) controlling flowering time. In addition, molecular studies at DNA level have confirmed this polygenic nature identifying several genome regions (quantitative trait loci, QTLs) involved. Studies about regulation of gene expression are scarce although several transcription factors have been described as responsible. From the metabolomics point of view, the integrated analysis of the mechanisms of accumulation of cyanogenic glucosides and flowering regulation through transcription factors opens new possibilities in the analysis of this complex trait in almond. Finally, at epigenetic level, DNA methylation assays have been performed |
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