Cemeteries, Rock Art and Other Ritual Monuments of the Tangier Peninsula, Northwestern Africa, in Wider Trans-Regional Perspective (c. 3000–500 BC)

[eng] The Tangier Peninsula, located on the northwestern African side of the Strait of Gibraltar, occupies a unique geostrategic position that has operated since the Late Stone Age as a connecting gateway between Europe and Africa, as well as the inner Atlantic and the Mediterranean. This paper expl...

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Bibliographic Details
Authors: Benattia, Hamza, Onrubia Pintado, Jorge, Bokbot, Youssef
Format: article
Status:Published version
Publication Date:2025
Country:España
Institution:Varias* (Consorci de Biblioteques Universitáries de Catalunya, Centre de Serveis Científics i Acadèmics de Catalunya)
Repository:Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya
OAI Identifier:oai:recercat.cat:2445/222778
Online Access:https://hdl.handle.net/2445/222778
Access Level:Open access
Keyword:Edat del bronze
Marroc
Gibraltar (Estret)
Cementiris
Monuments funeraris
Pintura rupestre
Monuments megalítics
Bronze age
Morocco
Gibraltar, Strait of
Cemeteries
Sepulchral monuments
Rocks paintings
Megalithic monuments
Description
Summary:[eng] The Tangier Peninsula, located on the northwestern African side of the Strait of Gibraltar, occupies a unique geostrategic position that has operated since the Late Stone Age as a connecting gateway between Europe and Africa, as well as the inner Atlantic and the Mediterranean. This paper explores how, from c. 3000 to 500 BC, such all-round connectivity is reified in the occurrence of a rich mosaic of burial traditions, ritual practices, symbolic sites, rock art, and unique megalithic monuments that span imposed modern continental divides. Through fieldwork, radiocarbon dating, and GIS-based analysis, this study suggests that the ritual landscapes of the Tangier Peninsula are far more complex and widespread than previously assumed, with their closest parallels in late prehistoric southern Iberia and the Sahara. By providing the first radiocarbon date for a northwest African cist, that at Daroua Zaydan, this paper also establishes an Early Bronze Age terminus post quem for this burial tradition. This new evidence challenges prevailing narratives and underscores the need to reevaluate the colonial biases that have shaped scholarly discourse in North African archaeology. By shedding light on the social, cultural, and economic dynamics of northwestern Africa, this paper highlights the region’s significant role in trans-regional networks, offering new insights into the broader dynamics of the late prehistoric western Mediterranean and inner Atlantic.