Stabilizing edge fluorination in graphene nanoribbons

The on-surface synthesis of edge-functionalized graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) is challenged by the stability of the functional groups throughout the thermal reaction steps of the synthetic pathway. Edge fluorination is a particularly critical case in which the interaction with the catalytic substrate...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Panighel, Mirco|||0000-0001-8413-5196, Peña, Diego|||0000-0003-3814-589X, Brandimarte Mendonça, Pedro|||0000-0002-8762-5876, Moreno, Cesar|||0000-0003-2682-211X, Garcia-Lekue, Aran|||0000-0001-5556-0898, Vilas-Varela, Manuel|||0000-0002-6768-5441, Rey, Dulce, Sauthier, Guillaume|||0000-0003-3566-3878, Ceballos, Gustavo|||0000-0002-6713-7963, Mugarza, Aitor|||0000-0002-2698-885X
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2020
País:España
Institución:Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
Repositorio:Dipòsit Digital de Documents de la UAB
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:ddd.uab.cat:233990
Acceso en línea:https://ddd.uab.cat/record/233990
https://dx.doi.org/urn:doi:10.1021/acsnano.0c01837
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Graphene nanoribbons
On-surface synthesis
Edge-functionalization
Fluorination
Scanning tunneling microscopy
Density functional theory
Self-assembly
Descripción
Sumario:The on-surface synthesis of edge-functionalized graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) is challenged by the stability of the functional groups throughout the thermal reaction steps of the synthetic pathway. Edge fluorination is a particularly critical case in which the interaction with the catalytic substrate and intermediate products can induce the complete cleavage of the otherwise strong C-F bonds before the formation of the GNR. Here, we demonstrate how a rational design of the precursor can stabilize the functional group, enabling the synthesis of edge-fluorinated GNRs. The survival of the functionalization is demonstrated by tracking the structural and chemical transformations occurring at each reaction step with complementary X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and scanning tunneling microscopy measurements. In contrast to previous attempts, we find that the C-F bond survives the cyclodehydrogenation of the intermediate polymers, leaving a thermal window where GNRs withhold more than 80% of the fluorine atoms. We attribute this enhanced stability of the C-F bond to the particular structure of our precursor, which prevents the cleavage of the C-F bond by avoiding interaction with the residual hydrogen originated in the cyclodehydrogenation. This structural protection of the linking bond could be implemented in the synthesis of other sp2-functionalized GNRs.