Geology and chronology of the Ndutu and Naisiusiu type sites. Implications for Middle and Later Stone Age occupations at Olduvai Gorge (Tanzania)

Olduvai Gorge (northern Tanzania) preserves a rich and continuous paleoanthropological record spanning the past two million years. While its Early Stone Age occupations have been intensively studied, the Middle and Later Stone Age sequences, represented by the Ndutu and Naisiusiu Beds, remain less u...

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Autores: Martín Perea, David Manuel, Medialdea, Alicia, Marín, Juan, Abellán, Natalia, Solano Megías, Irene, Arteaga Cardineau, Carlos, Rodríguez Hidalgo, Antonio, Uribelarrea, David, Arroyo, Xabier, Gidna, Agness, Mabulla, Audax, Maíllo Fernández, José Manuel
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2025
País:España
Institución:Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
Repositorio:Biblos-e Archivo. Repositorio Institucional de la UAM
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:dnet:biblosearchi::dc404c48081d48207195dc7b9295532c
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/10486/771000
https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109578
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Middle Stone Age
Later Stone Age
Luminescence dating
Africa
Olduvai
Human evolution
Archaeology
Geografía
Arqueología
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spelling Geology and chronology of the Ndutu and Naisiusiu type sites. Implications for Middle and Later Stone Age occupations at Olduvai Gorge (Tanzania)Martín Perea, David ManuelMedialdea, AliciaMarín, JuanAbellán, NataliaSolano Megías, IreneArteaga Cardineau, CarlosRodríguez Hidalgo, AntonioUribelarrea, DavidArroyo, XabierGidna, AgnessMabulla, AudaxMaíllo Fernández, José ManuelMiddle Stone AgeLater Stone AgeLuminescence datingAfricaOlduvaiHuman evolutionArchaeologyGeografíaArqueologíaOlduvai Gorge (northern Tanzania) preserves a rich and continuous paleoanthropological record spanning the past two million years. While its Early Stone Age occupations have been intensively studied, the Middle and Later Stone Age sequences, represented by the Ndutu and Naisiusiu Beds, remain less understood. This study presents new geological and geochronological data from the type localities of the Ndutu and Naisiusiu Beds. Using optically stimulated luminescence (OSL), we establish a revised chronological framework for these sedimentary units. The Lower Ndutu Beds, composed of fluvially reworked conglomerates and sands capped by a trachytic tuff and silts, are now dated between 152.9 ± 11.6 ka and 122.9 ± 8.3 ka. The Upper Ndutu Beds include archaeologically rich sandy and silty facies and are dated between 86.9 ± 4.5 ka and 70.8 ± 10.4 ka. At the Naisiusiu type site, a sequence of fluvial, sheetwash, and aeolian deposits yielded OSL dates ranging from 65.3 ± 4.4 ka to 32.8 ± 2.2 ka, suggesting that the LSA occupation at Olduvai began significantly earlier than previously assumed. These results provide refined age estimates for the Middle and Later Stone Age deposits at Olduvai Gorge and confirm a relatively rapid transition between these two technocomplexes during the Late Pleistocene. The data strengthen regional correlations with sites like Nasera and Mumba, providing critical chronological resolution to ongoing debates about the tempo and mode of behavioural evolution in eastern AfricaThis study has been funded by the Project PID2020-113547GB- I00/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 from the Spanish Ministry of ence and Innovation, Fundación PALARQ, and UNED. David M. Martín- Perea is the recipient of a Margarita Salas postdoctoral grant funded by the Complutense University of Madrid (POP-UCM-CT18/22). Antonio Rodríguez-Hidalgo is supported by the grant RYC2022-037802-I funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by FSE+ElsevierDepartamento de GeografíaFacultad de Filosofía y LetrasGobierno de España20252025-08-18research articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1VoRhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85info:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttps://hdl.handle.net/10486/771000https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109578reponame:Biblos-e Archivo. Repositorio Institucional de la UAMinstname:Universidad Autónoma de MadridInglésengopen accesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Attribution 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:dnet:biblosearchi::dc404c48081d48207195dc7b9295532c2026-06-23T12:46:27Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Geology and chronology of the Ndutu and Naisiusiu type sites. Implications for Middle and Later Stone Age occupations at Olduvai Gorge (Tanzania)
title Geology and chronology of the Ndutu and Naisiusiu type sites. Implications for Middle and Later Stone Age occupations at Olduvai Gorge (Tanzania)
spellingShingle Geology and chronology of the Ndutu and Naisiusiu type sites. Implications for Middle and Later Stone Age occupations at Olduvai Gorge (Tanzania)
Martín Perea, David Manuel
Middle Stone Age
Later Stone Age
Luminescence dating
Africa
Olduvai
Human evolution
Archaeology
Geografía
Arqueología
title_short Geology and chronology of the Ndutu and Naisiusiu type sites. Implications for Middle and Later Stone Age occupations at Olduvai Gorge (Tanzania)
title_full Geology and chronology of the Ndutu and Naisiusiu type sites. Implications for Middle and Later Stone Age occupations at Olduvai Gorge (Tanzania)
title_fullStr Geology and chronology of the Ndutu and Naisiusiu type sites. Implications for Middle and Later Stone Age occupations at Olduvai Gorge (Tanzania)
title_full_unstemmed Geology and chronology of the Ndutu and Naisiusiu type sites. Implications for Middle and Later Stone Age occupations at Olduvai Gorge (Tanzania)
title_sort Geology and chronology of the Ndutu and Naisiusiu type sites. Implications for Middle and Later Stone Age occupations at Olduvai Gorge (Tanzania)
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Martín Perea, David Manuel
Medialdea, Alicia
Marín, Juan
Abellán, Natalia
Solano Megías, Irene
Arteaga Cardineau, Carlos
Rodríguez Hidalgo, Antonio
Uribelarrea, David
Arroyo, Xabier
Gidna, Agness
Mabulla, Audax
Maíllo Fernández, José Manuel
author Martín Perea, David Manuel
author_facet Martín Perea, David Manuel
Medialdea, Alicia
Marín, Juan
Abellán, Natalia
Solano Megías, Irene
Arteaga Cardineau, Carlos
Rodríguez Hidalgo, Antonio
Uribelarrea, David
Arroyo, Xabier
Gidna, Agness
Mabulla, Audax
Maíllo Fernández, José Manuel
author_role author
author2 Medialdea, Alicia
Marín, Juan
Abellán, Natalia
Solano Megías, Irene
Arteaga Cardineau, Carlos
Rodríguez Hidalgo, Antonio
Uribelarrea, David
Arroyo, Xabier
Gidna, Agness
Mabulla, Audax
Maíllo Fernández, José Manuel
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Departamento de Geografía
Facultad de Filosofía y Letras
Gobierno de España
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Middle Stone Age
Later Stone Age
Luminescence dating
Africa
Olduvai
Human evolution
Archaeology
Geografía
Arqueología
topic Middle Stone Age
Later Stone Age
Luminescence dating
Africa
Olduvai
Human evolution
Archaeology
Geografía
Arqueología
description Olduvai Gorge (northern Tanzania) preserves a rich and continuous paleoanthropological record spanning the past two million years. While its Early Stone Age occupations have been intensively studied, the Middle and Later Stone Age sequences, represented by the Ndutu and Naisiusiu Beds, remain less understood. This study presents new geological and geochronological data from the type localities of the Ndutu and Naisiusiu Beds. Using optically stimulated luminescence (OSL), we establish a revised chronological framework for these sedimentary units. The Lower Ndutu Beds, composed of fluvially reworked conglomerates and sands capped by a trachytic tuff and silts, are now dated between 152.9 ± 11.6 ka and 122.9 ± 8.3 ka. The Upper Ndutu Beds include archaeologically rich sandy and silty facies and are dated between 86.9 ± 4.5 ka and 70.8 ± 10.4 ka. At the Naisiusiu type site, a sequence of fluvial, sheetwash, and aeolian deposits yielded OSL dates ranging from 65.3 ± 4.4 ka to 32.8 ± 2.2 ka, suggesting that the LSA occupation at Olduvai began significantly earlier than previously assumed. These results provide refined age estimates for the Middle and Later Stone Age deposits at Olduvai Gorge and confirm a relatively rapid transition between these two technocomplexes during the Late Pleistocene. The data strengthen regional correlations with sites like Nasera and Mumba, providing critical chronological resolution to ongoing debates about the tempo and mode of behavioural evolution in eastern Africa
publishDate 2025
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2025
2025-08-18
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv research article
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1
VoR
http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85
dc.type.openaire.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
format article
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv https://hdl.handle.net/10486/771000
https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109578
url https://hdl.handle.net/10486/771000
https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109578
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
eng
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
language eng
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv open access
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
Attribution 4.0 International
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.rights.openaire.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv open access
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
Attribution 4.0 International
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Elsevier
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Elsevier
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:Biblos-e Archivo. Repositorio Institucional de la UAM
instname:Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
instname_str Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
reponame_str Biblos-e Archivo. Repositorio Institucional de la UAM
collection Biblos-e Archivo. Repositorio Institucional de la UAM
repository.name.fl_str_mv
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