Medium-term impacts of saline water deficit irrigation on soil, vine nutrient status, yield and grape composition of Vitis vinifera L. cv. Monastrell

The wine industry faces significant challenges due to climate change, particularly in Mediterranean regions where rising temperatures and water scarcity are prevalent. This study investigates the medium-term effects of deficit irrigation with saline water on vineyard yield, vine water status, fruit...

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Detalhes bibliográficos
Autores: Martínez-Moreno, Alejandro, Parra, Margarita, Intrigliolo, Diego S., López-Urrea, Ramón, Pérez-Álvarez, Eva Pilar
Tipo de documento: artigo
Estado:Versão publicada
Data de publicação:2025
País:España
Recursos:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
Repositório:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
OAI Identifier:oai:digital.csic.es:10261/390888
Acesso em linha:http://hdl.handle.net/10261/390888
https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/86000347959
Access Level:Acceso aberto
Palavra-chave:Grapevine
Mediterranean climate
Mineral nutrition status
Salinity
Water stress
Descrição
Resumo:The wine industry faces significant challenges due to climate change, particularly in Mediterranean regions where rising temperatures and water scarcity are prevalent. This study investigates the medium-term effects of deficit irrigation with saline water on vineyard yield, vine water status, fruit composition and vine nutrients. Conducted over two years (2019–2020) in a commercial vineyard, the experiment involved 14-year-old Monastrell grapevines grafted onto 1103P rootstock. Four treatments were applied: Rainfed, Control (standard quality water), Sulfate and Chloride irrigation. Results showed that saline irrigation increased soil electrical conductivity, particularly in the sulfate treatment reaching 800 μS/cm. However, adequate winter rainfall mitigated soil salinity to some extent. Saline irrigation treatments also led to higher sodium concentrations in vine tissues but did not significantly impact chloride levels. The Rainfed treatment significantly reduced leaf area and yield, with an average decrease of 41 % over two years, while saline irrigation treatments led to moderate yield reductions of 18 % in the Sul treatment and 12 % in the Chl treatment compared to the Control. Despite these reductions, saline irrigation did not markedly affect grape composition, with no significant differences in total soluble solids, pH or total acidity. Nevertheless, Rainfed conditions increased phenolic compound concentrations in grapes, potentially enhancing grape quality under controlled water stress. Our findings demonstrate that medium-term saline deficit irrigation moderately impacts yield but does not significantly alter grape composition. These results provide insights for optimizing irrigation strategies in arid viticultural regions to balance productivity and grape quality. Further research is needed to explore long-term impacts and refine irrigation recommendations.