Resolution of R-loops by INO80 promotes DNA replication and maintains cancer cell proliferation and viability

Collisions between the DNA replication machinery and co-transcriptional R-loops can impede DNA synthesis and are a major source of genomic instability in cancer cells. How cancer cells deal with R-loops to proliferate is poorly understood. Here we show that the ATP-dependent chromatin remodelling IN...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Prendergast, Lisa, McClurg, Urszula, Hristova, Rossitsa, Berlinguer-Palmini, Rolando, Greener, Sarah, Veicht, Katie, Hernandez, Inmaculada, Pasero, Philippe, Rico, Daniel, Higgins, Jonathan M. G., Gospodinov, Anastas, Papamichos-Chronakis, Manolis
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2020
País:España
Institución:Universitat Pompeu Fabra
Repositorio:Repositorio Digital de la UPF
OAI Identifier:oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/53395
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/10230/53395
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-18306-x
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Genètica
Càncer
Cèl·lules canceroses
Descripción
Sumario:Collisions between the DNA replication machinery and co-transcriptional R-loops can impede DNA synthesis and are a major source of genomic instability in cancer cells. How cancer cells deal with R-loops to proliferate is poorly understood. Here we show that the ATP-dependent chromatin remodelling INO80 complex promotes resolution of R-loops to prevent replication-associated DNA damage in cancer cells. Depletion of INO80 in prostate cancer PC3 cells leads to increased R-loops. Overexpression of the RNA:DNA endonuclease RNAse H1 rescues the DNA synthesis defects and suppresses DNA damage caused by INO80 depletion. R-loops co-localize with and promote recruitment of INO80 to chromatin. Artificial tethering of INO80 to a LacO locus enabled turnover of R-loops in cis. Finally, counteracting R-loops by INO80 promotes proliferation and averts DNA damage-induced death in cancer cells. Our work suggests that INO80-dependent resolution of R-loops promotes DNA replication in the presence of transcription, thus enabling unlimited proliferation in cancers.