The discovery of chlordiazepoxide and the clinical introduction of benzodiazepines: Half a century of anxiolytic drugs

The clinical introduction of chlordiazepoxide half a century ago was one of the major breakthroughs in the history of psychopharmacology, as it opened the door for the benzodiazepine saga, the pharmacological family par excellence in the treatment of anxiety disorders. This review analyses the disco...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: López-Muñoz, F., Álamo González, C, García-García, P.
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2011
País:España
Institución:Universidad Camilo José Cela (UCJC)
Repositorio:Depósito Digital e-UCJC
OAI Identifier:oai:repositorio.ucjc.edu:20.500.12020/726
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12020/726
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Ciencias Biomédicas
Psicología
Chlordiazepoxide
Benzodiazepines
Anxiolytic drugs
History of psychiatry
Farmacología
3211 Psiquiatría
3209 Farmacología
3209.09 Psicofarmacología
Descripción
Sumario:The clinical introduction of chlordiazepoxide half a century ago was one of the major breakthroughs in the history of psychopharmacology, as it opened the door for the benzodiazepine saga, the pharmacological family par excellence in the treatment of anxiety disorders. This review analyses the discovery of this drug, which was filled with chance events, and numerous chemical and clinical errors of approach. Chlordiazepoxide, initially called methaminodiazepoxide, was patented in 1958 and introduced in clinical treatment in 1960 under the brand name Librium®. The benzodiazepines became the most widely prescribed drugs worldwide, provided truly effective treatment for “minor forms” (neuroses) of mental disorders for the first time, increased the quality of scientific methodology in clinical research, and enabled the development of new etiopathogenic theories for anxiety disorders, especially after the discovery in 1977 of their high-affinity receptor complex.