Ventromedial and dorsolateral prefrontal interactions underlie will to fight and die for a cause

Willingness to fight and die (WFD) has been developed as a measure to capture willingness to incur costly sacrifices for the sake of a greater cause in the context of entrenched conflict. WFD measures have been repeatedly used in field studies, including studies on the battlefield, although their ne...

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Autores: Pretus, Clara, Hamid, Nafees, Sheikh, Hammad, Gómez, Angel, Ginges, Jeremy, Tobeña, Adolf, Davis, Richard, Vilarroya, Óscar, Atran, Scott
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2019
País:España
Institución:Universitat Pompeu Fabra
Repositorio:Repositorio Digital de la UPF
OAI Identifier:oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/46543
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/10230/46543
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/scan/nsz034
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Costly sacrifices
fMRI
Functional connectivity
Sacred values
Will to fight and die
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spelling Ventromedial and dorsolateral prefrontal interactions underlie will to fight and die for a causePretus, ClaraHamid, NafeesSheikh, HammadGómez, AngelGinges, JeremyTobeña, AdolfDavis, RichardVilarroya, ÓscarAtran, ScottCostly sacrificesfMRIFunctional connectivitySacred valuesWill to fight and dieWillingness to fight and die (WFD) has been developed as a measure to capture willingness to incur costly sacrifices for the sake of a greater cause in the context of entrenched conflict. WFD measures have been repeatedly used in field studies, including studies on the battlefield, although their neurofunctional correlates remain unexplored. Our aim was to identify the neural underpinnings of WFD, focusing on neural activity and interconnectivity of brain areas previously associated with value-based decision-making, such as the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) and the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC). A sample of Pakistani participants supporting the Kashmiri cause was selected and invited to participate in an functional magnetic resonance (fMRI) paradigm where they were asked to convey their WFD for a series of values related to Islam and current politics. As predicted, higher compared to lower WFD was associated with increased ventromedial prefrontal activity and decreased dorsolateral activity, as well as lower connectivity between the vmPFC and the dlPFC. Our findings suggest that WFD more prominently relies on brain areas typically associated with subjective value (vmPFC) rather than integration of material costs (dlPFC) during decision-making, supporting the notion that decisions on costly sacrifices may not be mediated by cost-benefit computation.This work was supported by the Minerva Program and the Air Force Office of Scientific Research of the U.S. Department of Defense (AFOSR FA9550-14-1-0030 DEF) and the BIAL Foundation (Grant #163/14) and the Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (RTI2018-093550-B-I00).Oxford University Press202120212019info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionapplication/pdfapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/10230/46543http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/scan/nsz034reponame:Repositorio Digital de la UPFinstname:Universitat Pompeu FabraInglésinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/2PE/RTI2018-093550-B-I00Copyright © The Author(s) 2019. Published by Oxford University Press. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions@oup.comhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/465432026-06-12T07:21:37Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Ventromedial and dorsolateral prefrontal interactions underlie will to fight and die for a cause
title Ventromedial and dorsolateral prefrontal interactions underlie will to fight and die for a cause
spellingShingle Ventromedial and dorsolateral prefrontal interactions underlie will to fight and die for a cause
Pretus, Clara
Costly sacrifices
fMRI
Functional connectivity
Sacred values
Will to fight and die
title_short Ventromedial and dorsolateral prefrontal interactions underlie will to fight and die for a cause
title_full Ventromedial and dorsolateral prefrontal interactions underlie will to fight and die for a cause
title_fullStr Ventromedial and dorsolateral prefrontal interactions underlie will to fight and die for a cause
title_full_unstemmed Ventromedial and dorsolateral prefrontal interactions underlie will to fight and die for a cause
title_sort Ventromedial and dorsolateral prefrontal interactions underlie will to fight and die for a cause
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Pretus, Clara
Hamid, Nafees
Sheikh, Hammad
Gómez, Angel
Ginges, Jeremy
Tobeña, Adolf
Davis, Richard
Vilarroya, Óscar
Atran, Scott
author Pretus, Clara
author_facet Pretus, Clara
Hamid, Nafees
Sheikh, Hammad
Gómez, Angel
Ginges, Jeremy
Tobeña, Adolf
Davis, Richard
Vilarroya, Óscar
Atran, Scott
author_role author
author2 Hamid, Nafees
Sheikh, Hammad
Gómez, Angel
Ginges, Jeremy
Tobeña, Adolf
Davis, Richard
Vilarroya, Óscar
Atran, Scott
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Costly sacrifices
fMRI
Functional connectivity
Sacred values
Will to fight and die
topic Costly sacrifices
fMRI
Functional connectivity
Sacred values
Will to fight and die
description Willingness to fight and die (WFD) has been developed as a measure to capture willingness to incur costly sacrifices for the sake of a greater cause in the context of entrenched conflict. WFD measures have been repeatedly used in field studies, including studies on the battlefield, although their neurofunctional correlates remain unexplored. Our aim was to identify the neural underpinnings of WFD, focusing on neural activity and interconnectivity of brain areas previously associated with value-based decision-making, such as the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) and the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC). A sample of Pakistani participants supporting the Kashmiri cause was selected and invited to participate in an functional magnetic resonance (fMRI) paradigm where they were asked to convey their WFD for a series of values related to Islam and current politics. As predicted, higher compared to lower WFD was associated with increased ventromedial prefrontal activity and decreased dorsolateral activity, as well as lower connectivity between the vmPFC and the dlPFC. Our findings suggest that WFD more prominently relies on brain areas typically associated with subjective value (vmPFC) rather than integration of material costs (dlPFC) during decision-making, supporting the notion that decisions on costly sacrifices may not be mediated by cost-benefit computation.
publishDate 2019
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2019
2021
2021
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/10230/46543
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/scan/nsz034
url http://hdl.handle.net/10230/46543
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/scan/nsz034
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/2PE/RTI2018-093550-B-I00
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Oxford University Press
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Oxford University Press
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:Repositorio Digital de la UPF
instname:Universitat Pompeu Fabra
instname_str Universitat Pompeu Fabra
reponame_str Repositorio Digital de la UPF
collection Repositorio Digital de la UPF
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