Additive Manufacturing of Ceramic Reference Spheres by Stereolithography (SLA)

[EN] Additive Manufacturing (AM) is advancing technologically towards the production of components for high-demand mechanical applications with stringent dimensional accuracy, leveraging metallic and ceramic raw materials. The AM process for ceramic components, known as Ultraviolet Laser Stereolitho...

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Autores: Meana Díaz, Víctor Manuel, Zapico García, Pablo, Cuesta González, Eduardo, Giganto Fernández, Sara, Meana Pérez, Lorenzo, Martínez Pellitero, Susana
Formato: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2024
País:España
Recursos:Universidad de León
Repositorio:BULERIA. Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de León
OAI Identifier:oai:buleria.unileon.es:10612/22578
Acesso em linha:https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/14/17/7530
https://hdl.handle.net/10612/22578
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palavra-chave:Tecnología de materiales
Additive manufacturing
Stereolithography
Ceramics
Alumina
Reference spheres
3312.03 Materiales Cerámicos
3310.03 Procesos Industriales
3315.01 Aluminio
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repository_id_str
spelling Additive Manufacturing of Ceramic Reference Spheres by Stereolithography (SLA)Meana Díaz, Víctor ManuelZapico García, PabloCuesta González, EduardoGiganto Fernández, SaraMeana Pérez, LorenzoMartínez Pellitero, SusanaTecnología de materialesAdditive manufacturingStereolithographyCeramicsAluminaReference spheres3312.03 Materiales Cerámicos3310.03 Procesos Industriales3315.01 Aluminio[EN] Additive Manufacturing (AM) is advancing technologically towards the production of components for high-demand mechanical applications with stringent dimensional accuracy, leveraging metallic and ceramic raw materials. The AM process for ceramic components, known as Ultraviolet Laser Stereolithography (SLA), enables the fabrication of unique parts or small batches without substantial investments in molds and dies, and avoids the problems associated with traditional manufacturing, which involves multiple stages and final machining for precision. This study addresses the need to produce reference elements or targets for metrological applications, including verification, adjustment, or calibration of 3D scanners and mid- to high-range optical sensors. Precision spheres are a primary geometry in this context due to their straightforward mathematical definition, facilitating rapid and accurate error detection in equipment. Our objective is to exploit this novel SLA process along with the advantageous optical properties of technical ceramics (such as being white, matte, lightweight, and corrosion-resistant) to materialize these reference objects. Specifically, this work involves the fabrication of alumina hemispheres using SLA. The manufacturing process incorporates four design variables (wall thickness, support shape, fill type, and orientation) and one manufacturing variable (the arrangement of spheres on the printing tray). To evaluate the impact of the design variables, dimensional and geometric parameters (GD&T), including diameters, form errors, and their distribution on the surface of the sphere, have been characterized. These measurements are conducted with high accuracy using a Coordinate Measuring Machine (CMM). The study also examines the influence of these variables in the dimensional and geometric accuracy of the spheres. Correlations between various parameters were identified, specifically highlighting critical factors affecting process precision, such as the position of the piece on the print tray and the wall thickness value. The smallest diameter errors were recorded at the outermost positions of the tray (rear and front), while the smallest shape errors were found at the central position, in both cases with errors in the range of tens of micrometers. In any case, the smallest deformations were observed with the highest wall thickness (2 mm).SIThis research was funded by University Institute of Industrial Technology of Asturias (IUTA), grant number SV-23-GIJON-1-01 and also by MICIU/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and, as appropriate, by “ERDF A way of making Europe”, by “ERDF/EU”, by the European Union; grant number PID2021–125992OB-I00.Instituto Universitario de Tecnología Industrial de AsturiasAgencia Estatal de InvestigaciónMDPIIngenieria de los Procesos de FabricacionEscuela de Ingenierias Industrial, Informática y Aeroespacial2024info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttps://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/14/17/7530https://hdl.handle.net/10612/22578reponame:BULERIA. Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Leóninstname:Universidad de LeónInglésinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Programa Estatal para Impulsar la Investigación Científico-Técnica y su Transferencia/PID2021–125992OB-I00http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:buleria.unileon.es:10612/225782026-06-24T12:43:27Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Additive Manufacturing of Ceramic Reference Spheres by Stereolithography (SLA)
title Additive Manufacturing of Ceramic Reference Spheres by Stereolithography (SLA)
spellingShingle Additive Manufacturing of Ceramic Reference Spheres by Stereolithography (SLA)
Meana Díaz, Víctor Manuel
Tecnología de materiales
Additive manufacturing
Stereolithography
Ceramics
Alumina
Reference spheres
3312.03 Materiales Cerámicos
3310.03 Procesos Industriales
3315.01 Aluminio
title_short Additive Manufacturing of Ceramic Reference Spheres by Stereolithography (SLA)
title_full Additive Manufacturing of Ceramic Reference Spheres by Stereolithography (SLA)
title_fullStr Additive Manufacturing of Ceramic Reference Spheres by Stereolithography (SLA)
title_full_unstemmed Additive Manufacturing of Ceramic Reference Spheres by Stereolithography (SLA)
title_sort Additive Manufacturing of Ceramic Reference Spheres by Stereolithography (SLA)
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Meana Díaz, Víctor Manuel
Zapico García, Pablo
Cuesta González, Eduardo
Giganto Fernández, Sara
Meana Pérez, Lorenzo
Martínez Pellitero, Susana
author Meana Díaz, Víctor Manuel
author_facet Meana Díaz, Víctor Manuel
Zapico García, Pablo
Cuesta González, Eduardo
Giganto Fernández, Sara
Meana Pérez, Lorenzo
Martínez Pellitero, Susana
author_role author
author2 Zapico García, Pablo
Cuesta González, Eduardo
Giganto Fernández, Sara
Meana Pérez, Lorenzo
Martínez Pellitero, Susana
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Ingenieria de los Procesos de Fabricacion
Escuela de Ingenierias Industrial, Informática y Aeroespacial
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Tecnología de materiales
Additive manufacturing
Stereolithography
Ceramics
Alumina
Reference spheres
3312.03 Materiales Cerámicos
3310.03 Procesos Industriales
3315.01 Aluminio
topic Tecnología de materiales
Additive manufacturing
Stereolithography
Ceramics
Alumina
Reference spheres
3312.03 Materiales Cerámicos
3310.03 Procesos Industriales
3315.01 Aluminio
description [EN] Additive Manufacturing (AM) is advancing technologically towards the production of components for high-demand mechanical applications with stringent dimensional accuracy, leveraging metallic and ceramic raw materials. The AM process for ceramic components, known as Ultraviolet Laser Stereolithography (SLA), enables the fabrication of unique parts or small batches without substantial investments in molds and dies, and avoids the problems associated with traditional manufacturing, which involves multiple stages and final machining for precision. This study addresses the need to produce reference elements or targets for metrological applications, including verification, adjustment, or calibration of 3D scanners and mid- to high-range optical sensors. Precision spheres are a primary geometry in this context due to their straightforward mathematical definition, facilitating rapid and accurate error detection in equipment. Our objective is to exploit this novel SLA process along with the advantageous optical properties of technical ceramics (such as being white, matte, lightweight, and corrosion-resistant) to materialize these reference objects. Specifically, this work involves the fabrication of alumina hemispheres using SLA. The manufacturing process incorporates four design variables (wall thickness, support shape, fill type, and orientation) and one manufacturing variable (the arrangement of spheres on the printing tray). To evaluate the impact of the design variables, dimensional and geometric parameters (GD&T), including diameters, form errors, and their distribution on the surface of the sphere, have been characterized. These measurements are conducted with high accuracy using a Coordinate Measuring Machine (CMM). The study also examines the influence of these variables in the dimensional and geometric accuracy of the spheres. Correlations between various parameters were identified, specifically highlighting critical factors affecting process precision, such as the position of the piece on the print tray and the wall thickness value. The smallest diameter errors were recorded at the outermost positions of the tray (rear and front), while the smallest shape errors were found at the central position, in both cases with errors in the range of tens of micrometers. In any case, the smallest deformations were observed with the highest wall thickness (2 mm).
publishDate 2024
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2024
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/14/17/7530
https://hdl.handle.net/10612/22578
url https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/14/17/7530
https://hdl.handle.net/10612/22578
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Programa Estatal para Impulsar la Investigación Científico-Técnica y su Transferencia/PID2021–125992OB-I00
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv MDPI
publisher.none.fl_str_mv MDPI
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:BULERIA. Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de León
instname:Universidad de León
instname_str Universidad de León
reponame_str BULERIA. Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de León
collection BULERIA. Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de León
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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score 15,81155

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