Leishmania Infection in Wild Lagomorphs and Domestic Dogs in North-East Spain
Leishmania infantum is a zoonotic protozoan parasite transmitted by phlebotomine sandflies. Dogs are the main reservoir for human infections. In recent years, outbreaks of human leishmaniasis have been reported in different regions of Spain associated with the Iberian hare and European rabbit. Howev...
| Autores: | , , , , , , , |
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| Tipo de recurso: | artículo |
| Fecha de publicación: | 2024 |
| País: | España |
| Institución: | Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona |
| Repositorio: | Dipòsit Digital de Documents de la UAB |
| Idioma: | inglés |
| OAI Identifier: | oai:ddd.uab.cat:291392 |
| Acceso en línea: | https://ddd.uab.cat/record/291392 https://dx.doi.org/urn:doi:10.3390/ani14071080 |
| Access Level: | acceso abierto |
| Palabra clave: | Canis familiaris Catalonia Leishmaniosis Leishmania infantum Lepus europaeus Oryctolagus cuniculus Seroprevalence Wildlife |
| Sumario: | Leishmania infantum is a zoonotic protozoan parasite transmitted by phlebotomine sandflies. Dogs are the main reservoir for human infections. In recent years, outbreaks of human leishmaniasis have been reported in different regions of Spain associated with the Iberian hare and European rabbit. However, there is a notable scarcity of information regarding L. infantum infection in the European hare and in Northeastern Spain where this species occurs. The present study aimed to assess Leishmania spp. exposure and infection in lagomorphs and sympatric domestic dogs in NE Spain. Results suggest a more important role for the European rabbit than the European hare in the epidemiology of this parasite in NE Spain. Given the strong correlation between lagomorph densities and human leishmaniasis outbreaks in Spain, the high rabbit and human densities in NE Spain, and the high Leishmania spp. seroprevalence in rabbits, it becomes relevant to establish surveillance programs for lagomorphs in this region. Leishmania infantum is a zoonotic protozoan parasite distributed worldwide that is transmitted by phlebotomine sandflies. Dogs are the main reservoir for human infections. However, in recent years, the capacity of lagomorphs to contribute to Leishmania transmission has been confirmed. The present study aimed to assess Leishmania spp. exposure and infection in lagomorphs and sympatric domestic dogs in NE Spain. Sera from European hares, European rabbits, and rural dogs were tested for antibodies against L. infantum using an in-house indirect ELISA. PCR analysis targeting Leishmania spp. was performed in spleens from L. europaeus. Antibodies against Leishmania spp. were detected in all the species analyzed. Total sample prevalence was significantly higher in O. cuniculus (27.9%) than in L. europaeus (2.0%). Results of the PCR were all negative. The present study expands knowledge about Leishmania infections in free-ranging lagomorphs in the Iberian Peninsula, suggesting a more important role of O. cuniculus in the study area. Given the strong correlation between lagomorph densities and human leishmaniasis outbreaks in Spain, the high rabbit and human densities in NE Spain, and the high Leishmania spp. seroprevalence in rabbits, it becomes imperative to establish surveillance programs for lagomorphs in this region. |
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