Food biodiversity and mortality in older Mediterranean adults with high cardiovascular risk

The food system is a key determinant of population and planetary health. As the "one planet, one health" approach gains momentum, evaluating "food biodiversity" and its association with mortality in high-risks populations is increasingly important. Hence, we evalu...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Shyam, Sangeetha, Babio, Nancy, Paz-Graniel, Indira, Martínez-González, Miguel Ángel, 1957-, Sorlí, José Vicente, Estruch, Ramón, Ros, Emilio, Tojal Sierra, Lucas, Gómez-Gracia, Enrique, Fiol, Miquel, Lapetra, José, Serra Majem, Lluís, Riera-Mestre, Antoni, Toledo, Estefania, Ramirez-Sabio, Judith B, Castañer, Olga, Lamuela Raventós, Rosa Ma., Margara Escudero, Hernando J., Fitó Colomer, Montserrat, Salas Salvadó, Jordi
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2025
País:España
Institución:Universitat Pompeu Fabra
Repositorio:Repositorio Digital de la UPF
OAI Identifier:oai:dnet:rdupf_______::db8c62c1465208778348b193c095e38e
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/10230/72910
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.179807
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Food biodiversity
Mediterranean diet
Mortality
Older adults
Descripción
Sumario:The food system is a key determinant of population and planetary health. As the "one planet, one health" approach gains momentum, evaluating "food biodiversity" and its association with mortality in high-risks populations is increasingly important. Hence, we evaluated the associations of food biodiversity with all-cause and cause-specific mortality in a Spanish cohort of older adults at high cardiovascular risks. Food biodiversity was defined using dietary species richness (DSR), the count of unique plants and animal species consumed by an individual. DSR was cumulatively calculated over the PREDIMED study follow-up, using yearly food frequency questionnaire data. The association of food biodiversity with all-cause and cause-specific mortality was assessed using Cox regression, while controlling for confounders. We analyzed data from 7210 participants (58 % women), with a median age of 67 years. DSR in the cohort ranged between 16 and 57 (median: 48). Over a median follow-up of 6 years, 425 deaths were recorded (103 deaths from cardiovascular diseases (CVD), 169 cancer deaths, and 153 deaths due to other-causes). DSR was only moderately correlated with adherence to the Mediterranean diet. On average, when fully adjusted, every additional species over the follow-up period was associated with a Hazard Ratio (HR (95 % Confidence Interval) of 0.91(0.90,0.93) for all-cause mortality, 0.93(0.90,0.96) for CVD mortality, 0.92 (0.89,0.94) for cancer deaths, and a 0.91(0.89,0.94) for deaths from other causes. Dietary recommendations to improve food biodiversity may increase longevity.