"TNOs are Cool": A survey of the trans-Neptunian region: XII. Thermal light curves of Haumea, 2003 VS 2 and 2003 AZ 84 with Herschel/PACS

Context. Time series observations of the dwarf planet Haumea and the Plutinos 2003 VS and 2003 AZ with Herschel/PACS are presented in this work. Thermal emission of these trans-Neptunian objects (TNOs) were acquired as part of the >TNOs are Cool> Herschel Space Observatory key programme. Aims....

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Authors: Santos Sanz, Pablo, Ortiz, José Luis, Duffard, René D., Thirouin, Audrey
Format: article
Status:Published version
Publication Date:2017
Country:España
Institution:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
Repository:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
OAI Identifier:oai:digital.csic.es:10261/160574
Online Access:http://hdl.handle.net/10261/160574
Access Level:Open access
Keyword:Infrared: planetary systems
Techniques: photometric
Submillimeter: planetary systems
Kuiper belt objects: individual: 2003 AZ84
Kuiper belt objects: individual: Haumea
Kuiper belt objects: individual: 2003 VS2
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spelling "TNOs are Cool": A survey of the trans-Neptunian region: XII. Thermal light curves of Haumea, 2003 VS 2 and 2003 AZ 84 with Herschel/PACSSantos Sanz, PabloOrtiz, José LuisDuffard, René D.Thirouin, AudreyInfrared: planetary systemsTechniques: photometricSubmillimeter: planetary systemsKuiper belt objects: individual: 2003 AZ84Kuiper belt objects: individual: HaumeaKuiper belt objects: individual: 2003 VS2Context. Time series observations of the dwarf planet Haumea and the Plutinos 2003 VS and 2003 AZ with Herschel/PACS are presented in this work. Thermal emission of these trans-Neptunian objects (TNOs) were acquired as part of the >TNOs are Cool> Herschel Space Observatory key programme. Aims. We search for the thermal light curves at 100 and 160 μm of Haumea and 2003 AZ, and at 70 and 160 μm for 2003 VS by means of photometric analysis of the PACS data. The goal of this work is to use these thermal light curves to obtain physical and thermophysical properties of these icy Solar System bodies. Methods. When a thermal light curve is detected, it is possible to derive or constrain the object thermal inertia, phase integral and/or surface roughness with thermophysical modeling. Results. Haumea's thermal light curve is clearly detected at 100 and 160 μm. The effect of the reported dark spot is apparent at 100 μm. Different thermophysical models were applied to these light curves, varying the thermophysical properties of the surface within and outside the spot. Although no model gives a perfect fit to the thermal observations, results imply an extremely low thermal inertia (<0.5 J m s K, hereafter MKS) and a high phase integral (>0.73) for Haumea's surface. We note that the dark spot region appears to be only weakly different from the rest of the object, with modest changes in thermal inertia and/or phase integral. The thermal light curve of 2003 VS is not firmly detected at 70 μm and at 160 μm but a thermal inertia of (2 ± 0.5) MKS can be derived from these data. The thermal light curve of 2003 AZ is not firmly detected at 100 μm. We apply a thermophysical model to the mean thermal fluxes and to all the Herschel/PACS and Spitzer/MIPS thermal data of 2003 AZ, obtaining a close to pole-on orientation as the most likely for this TNO. Conclusions. For the three TNOs, the thermal inertias derived from light curve analyses or from the thermophysical analysis of the mean thermal fluxes confirm the generally small or very small surface thermal inertias of the TNO population, which is consistent with a statistical mean value Γ = 2.5 ± 0.5 MKS.© ESO, 2017.The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme, under Grant Agreement No. 687378. P. Santos-Sanz and J. L. Ortiz would like to acknowledge financial support by the Spanish grant AYA-2014-56637-C2-1-P and the Proyecto de Excelencia de la Junta de Andalucia J.A. 2012-FQM1776. C. Kiss acknowledges financial support from NKFIH grant GINOP-2.3.2-15-2016-00003. E. Vilenius was supported by the German DLR project number 50 OR 1108. R. Duffard acknowledges financial support from the MINECO for his Ramon y Cajal Contract.Peer ReviewedEDP SciencesEuropean CommissionMinisterio de Industria y Competitividad (España)Junta de AndalucíaConsejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [https://ror.org/02gfc7t72]2018201820172018info:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501Publisher's versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://hdl.handle.net/10261/160574reponame:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSICinstname:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)Inglés#PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE##PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE#info:eu-repo/grantAgreemente/EC/H2020/687378info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/MINECO/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2013-2016/AYA-2014-56637-C2-1-PSíinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:digital.csic.es:10261/1605742026-05-22T06:33:51Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv "TNOs are Cool": A survey of the trans-Neptunian region: XII. Thermal light curves of Haumea, 2003 VS 2 and 2003 AZ 84 with Herschel/PACS
title "TNOs are Cool": A survey of the trans-Neptunian region: XII. Thermal light curves of Haumea, 2003 VS 2 and 2003 AZ 84 with Herschel/PACS
spellingShingle "TNOs are Cool": A survey of the trans-Neptunian region: XII. Thermal light curves of Haumea, 2003 VS 2 and 2003 AZ 84 with Herschel/PACS
Santos Sanz, Pablo
Infrared: planetary systems
Techniques: photometric
Submillimeter: planetary systems
Kuiper belt objects: individual: 2003 AZ84
Kuiper belt objects: individual: Haumea
Kuiper belt objects: individual: 2003 VS2
title_short "TNOs are Cool": A survey of the trans-Neptunian region: XII. Thermal light curves of Haumea, 2003 VS 2 and 2003 AZ 84 with Herschel/PACS
title_full "TNOs are Cool": A survey of the trans-Neptunian region: XII. Thermal light curves of Haumea, 2003 VS 2 and 2003 AZ 84 with Herschel/PACS
title_fullStr "TNOs are Cool": A survey of the trans-Neptunian region: XII. Thermal light curves of Haumea, 2003 VS 2 and 2003 AZ 84 with Herschel/PACS
title_full_unstemmed "TNOs are Cool": A survey of the trans-Neptunian region: XII. Thermal light curves of Haumea, 2003 VS 2 and 2003 AZ 84 with Herschel/PACS
title_sort "TNOs are Cool": A survey of the trans-Neptunian region: XII. Thermal light curves of Haumea, 2003 VS 2 and 2003 AZ 84 with Herschel/PACS
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Santos Sanz, Pablo
Ortiz, José Luis
Duffard, René D.
Thirouin, Audrey
author Santos Sanz, Pablo
author_facet Santos Sanz, Pablo
Ortiz, José Luis
Duffard, René D.
Thirouin, Audrey
author_role author
author2 Ortiz, José Luis
Duffard, René D.
Thirouin, Audrey
author2_role author
author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv European Commission
Ministerio de Industria y Competitividad (España)
Junta de Andalucía
Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [https://ror.org/02gfc7t72]
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Infrared: planetary systems
Techniques: photometric
Submillimeter: planetary systems
Kuiper belt objects: individual: 2003 AZ84
Kuiper belt objects: individual: Haumea
Kuiper belt objects: individual: 2003 VS2
topic Infrared: planetary systems
Techniques: photometric
Submillimeter: planetary systems
Kuiper belt objects: individual: 2003 AZ84
Kuiper belt objects: individual: Haumea
Kuiper belt objects: individual: 2003 VS2
description Context. Time series observations of the dwarf planet Haumea and the Plutinos 2003 VS and 2003 AZ with Herschel/PACS are presented in this work. Thermal emission of these trans-Neptunian objects (TNOs) were acquired as part of the >TNOs are Cool> Herschel Space Observatory key programme. Aims. We search for the thermal light curves at 100 and 160 μm of Haumea and 2003 AZ, and at 70 and 160 μm for 2003 VS by means of photometric analysis of the PACS data. The goal of this work is to use these thermal light curves to obtain physical and thermophysical properties of these icy Solar System bodies. Methods. When a thermal light curve is detected, it is possible to derive or constrain the object thermal inertia, phase integral and/or surface roughness with thermophysical modeling. Results. Haumea's thermal light curve is clearly detected at 100 and 160 μm. The effect of the reported dark spot is apparent at 100 μm. Different thermophysical models were applied to these light curves, varying the thermophysical properties of the surface within and outside the spot. Although no model gives a perfect fit to the thermal observations, results imply an extremely low thermal inertia (<0.5 J m s K, hereafter MKS) and a high phase integral (>0.73) for Haumea's surface. We note that the dark spot region appears to be only weakly different from the rest of the object, with modest changes in thermal inertia and/or phase integral. The thermal light curve of 2003 VS is not firmly detected at 70 μm and at 160 μm but a thermal inertia of (2 ± 0.5) MKS can be derived from these data. The thermal light curve of 2003 AZ is not firmly detected at 100 μm. We apply a thermophysical model to the mean thermal fluxes and to all the Herschel/PACS and Spitzer/MIPS thermal data of 2003 AZ, obtaining a close to pole-on orientation as the most likely for this TNO. Conclusions. For the three TNOs, the thermal inertias derived from light curve analyses or from the thermophysical analysis of the mean thermal fluxes confirm the generally small or very small surface thermal inertias of the TNO population, which is consistent with a statistical mean value Γ = 2.5 ± 0.5 MKS.© ESO, 2017.
publishDate 2017
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2017
2018
2018
2018
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
Publisher's version
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/10261/160574
url http://hdl.handle.net/10261/160574
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv #PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE#
#PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE#
info:eu-repo/grantAgreemente/EC/H2020/687378
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/MINECO/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2013-2016/AYA-2014-56637-C2-1-P
Sí
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv EDP Sciences
publisher.none.fl_str_mv EDP Sciences
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
instname:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
instname_str Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
reponame_str DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
collection DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
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