Venus’ Cloud-Tracked Winds Using Ground- and Space-Based Observations with TNG/NICS and VEx/VIRTIS †

Characterizing the wind speeds of Venus and their variability at multiple vertical levels is essential for a better understanding of the atmospheric superrotation, constraining the role of large-scale planetary waves in the maintenance of this superrotation, and in studying how the wind field affect...

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Autores: Machado, Pedro, Peralta Calvillo, Javier, Silva, José E., Brasil, Francisco, Gonçalves, Rubens, Silva, Miguel
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2022
País:España
Institución:Universidad de Sevilla (US)
Repositorio:idUS. Depósito de Investigación de la Universidad de Sevilla
OAI Identifier:oai:idus.us.es:11441/136521
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/11441/136521
https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos13020337
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Venus
atmosphere
dynamics
cloud tracking
nightside
infrared
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spelling Venus’ Cloud-Tracked Winds Using Ground- and Space-Based Observations with TNG/NICS and VEx/VIRTIS †Machado, PedroPeralta Calvillo, JavierSilva, José E.Brasil, FranciscoGonçalves, RubensSilva, MiguelVenusatmospheredynamicscloud trackingnightsideinfraredCharacterizing the wind speeds of Venus and their variability at multiple vertical levels is essential for a better understanding of the atmospheric superrotation, constraining the role of large-scale planetary waves in the maintenance of this superrotation, and in studying how the wind field affects clouds’ distribution. Here, we present cloud-tracked wind results of the Venus nightside, obtained with unprecedented quality using ground-based observations during July 2012 with the near-infrared camera and spectrograph (NICS) of the Telescopio Nazionale Galileo (TNG) in La Palma. These observations were performed during 3 consecutive days for periods of 2.5 h starting just before dawn, sensing the nightside lower clouds of Venus close to 48 km of altitude with images taken at continuum K filter at 2.28 μm. Our observations cover a period of time when ESA’s Venus Express was not able to observe these deeper clouds of Venus due to a failure in the infrared channel of its imaging spectrometer, VIRTIS-M, and the dates were chosen to coordinate these ground-based observations with Venus Express’ observations of the dayside cloud tops (at about 70 km) with images at 380 nm acquired with the imaging spectrometer VIRTIS-M. Thanks to the quality and spatial resolution of TNG/NICS images and the use of an accurate technique of template matching to perform cloud tracking, we present the most detailed and complete profile of wind speeds ever performed using ground-based observations of Venus. The vertical shear of the wind was also obtained for the first time, obtained by the combination of ground-based and space-based observations, during the Venus Express mission since the year 2008, when the infrared channel of VIRTIS-M stopped working. Our observations exhibit day-to-day changes in the nightside lower clouds, the probable manifestation of the cloud discontinuity, no relevant variations in the zonal winds, and an accurate characterization of their decay towards the poles, along with the meridional circulation. Finally, we also present the latitudinal profiles of zonal winds, meridional winds, and vertical shear of the zonal wind between the upper clouds’ top and lower clouds, confirming previous findings by Venus ExpressPortuguese Fundação Para a Ciência e a Tecnolo- gia (ref. PD/BD/128019/2016 (R.G.), 2021.05455.BD (F.B.) and project P-TUGA ref. PTDC/FIS- AST/29942/2017 (P.M., J.P., R.G., F.B., and M.SFEDER through COMPETE 2020 (ref. POCI-01-0145 FEDER-00767)MDPIFísica Atómica, Molecular y NuclearEuropean Commission (EC). Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER)Portuguese Fundação Para a Ciência e a Tecnologia2022info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionapplication/pdfapplication/pdfhttps://hdl.handle.net/11441/136521https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos13020337reponame:idUS. Depósito de Investigación de la Universidad de Sevillainstname:Universidad de Sevilla (US)InglésAtmosphere, 13 (2), 337.ref. POCI-01-0145 FEDER-00767ref. PD/BD/128019/2016 (R.G.), 2021.05455.BD (F.B.) and project P-TUGA ref. PTDC/FIS- AST/29942/2017https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos13020337info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:idus.us.es:11441/1365212026-06-17T12:51:07Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Venus’ Cloud-Tracked Winds Using Ground- and Space-Based Observations with TNG/NICS and VEx/VIRTIS †
title Venus’ Cloud-Tracked Winds Using Ground- and Space-Based Observations with TNG/NICS and VEx/VIRTIS †
spellingShingle Venus’ Cloud-Tracked Winds Using Ground- and Space-Based Observations with TNG/NICS and VEx/VIRTIS †
Machado, Pedro
Venus
atmosphere
dynamics
cloud tracking
nightside
infrared
title_short Venus’ Cloud-Tracked Winds Using Ground- and Space-Based Observations with TNG/NICS and VEx/VIRTIS †
title_full Venus’ Cloud-Tracked Winds Using Ground- and Space-Based Observations with TNG/NICS and VEx/VIRTIS †
title_fullStr Venus’ Cloud-Tracked Winds Using Ground- and Space-Based Observations with TNG/NICS and VEx/VIRTIS †
title_full_unstemmed Venus’ Cloud-Tracked Winds Using Ground- and Space-Based Observations with TNG/NICS and VEx/VIRTIS †
title_sort Venus’ Cloud-Tracked Winds Using Ground- and Space-Based Observations with TNG/NICS and VEx/VIRTIS †
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Machado, Pedro
Peralta Calvillo, Javier
Silva, José E.
Brasil, Francisco
Gonçalves, Rubens
Silva, Miguel
author Machado, Pedro
author_facet Machado, Pedro
Peralta Calvillo, Javier
Silva, José E.
Brasil, Francisco
Gonçalves, Rubens
Silva, Miguel
author_role author
author2 Peralta Calvillo, Javier
Silva, José E.
Brasil, Francisco
Gonçalves, Rubens
Silva, Miguel
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Física Atómica, Molecular y Nuclear
European Commission (EC). Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER)
Portuguese Fundação Para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Venus
atmosphere
dynamics
cloud tracking
nightside
infrared
topic Venus
atmosphere
dynamics
cloud tracking
nightside
infrared
description Characterizing the wind speeds of Venus and their variability at multiple vertical levels is essential for a better understanding of the atmospheric superrotation, constraining the role of large-scale planetary waves in the maintenance of this superrotation, and in studying how the wind field affects clouds’ distribution. Here, we present cloud-tracked wind results of the Venus nightside, obtained with unprecedented quality using ground-based observations during July 2012 with the near-infrared camera and spectrograph (NICS) of the Telescopio Nazionale Galileo (TNG) in La Palma. These observations were performed during 3 consecutive days for periods of 2.5 h starting just before dawn, sensing the nightside lower clouds of Venus close to 48 km of altitude with images taken at continuum K filter at 2.28 μm. Our observations cover a period of time when ESA’s Venus Express was not able to observe these deeper clouds of Venus due to a failure in the infrared channel of its imaging spectrometer, VIRTIS-M, and the dates were chosen to coordinate these ground-based observations with Venus Express’ observations of the dayside cloud tops (at about 70 km) with images at 380 nm acquired with the imaging spectrometer VIRTIS-M. Thanks to the quality and spatial resolution of TNG/NICS images and the use of an accurate technique of template matching to perform cloud tracking, we present the most detailed and complete profile of wind speeds ever performed using ground-based observations of Venus. The vertical shear of the wind was also obtained for the first time, obtained by the combination of ground-based and space-based observations, during the Venus Express mission since the year 2008, when the infrared channel of VIRTIS-M stopped working. Our observations exhibit day-to-day changes in the nightside lower clouds, the probable manifestation of the cloud discontinuity, no relevant variations in the zonal winds, and an accurate characterization of their decay towards the poles, along with the meridional circulation. Finally, we also present the latitudinal profiles of zonal winds, meridional winds, and vertical shear of the zonal wind between the upper clouds’ top and lower clouds, confirming previous findings by Venus Express
publishDate 2022
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2022
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv https://hdl.handle.net/11441/136521
https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos13020337
url https://hdl.handle.net/11441/136521
https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos13020337
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv Atmosphere, 13 (2), 337.
ref. POCI-01-0145 FEDER-00767
ref. PD/BD/128019/2016 (R.G.), 2021.05455.BD (F.B.) and project P-TUGA ref. PTDC/FIS- AST/29942/2017
https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos13020337
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv MDPI
publisher.none.fl_str_mv MDPI
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:idUS. Depósito de Investigación de la Universidad de Sevilla
instname:Universidad de Sevilla (US)
instname_str Universidad de Sevilla (US)
reponame_str idUS. Depósito de Investigación de la Universidad de Sevilla
collection idUS. Depósito de Investigación de la Universidad de Sevilla
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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