Towards efficient N cycling in intensive maize: role of cover crops and application methods of digestate liquid fraction

Digestate, a by-product of biogas production, is widely recognized as a promising renewable nitrogen (N) source with high potential to replace synthetic fertilizers. Yet, inefficient digestate use can lead to pollutant N losses as ammonia (NH3) volatilization, nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions and nitra...

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Autores: Capra, Federico, Abalos, D., Maris, Stefania Codruta, Ardenti, Federico, Lommi, Michela, Tabaglio, Vincenzo, Fiorini, Andrea
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2023
País:España
Institución:Universitat de Lleida (UdL)
Repositorio:Repositori Obert UdL
OAI Identifier:oai:repositori.udl.cat:10459.1/463600
Acceso en línea:https://doi.org/10.1111/gcbb.13036
https://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/463600
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Cover crop residues
Digestate broadcasting
Digestate injection
N2O emissions
NO3- leaching
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spelling Towards efficient N cycling in intensive maize: role of cover crops and application methods of digestate liquid fractionCapra, FedericoAbalos, D.Maris, Stefania CodrutaArdenti, FedericoLommi, MichelaTabaglio, VincenzoFiorini, AndreaCover crop residuesDigestate broadcastingDigestate injectionN2O emissionsNO3- leachingDigestate, a by-product of biogas production, is widely recognized as a promising renewable nitrogen (N) source with high potential to replace synthetic fertilizers. Yet, inefficient digestate use can lead to pollutant N losses as ammonia (NH3) volatilization, nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions and nitrate (NO - 3) leaching. Cover crops (CCs) may reduce some of these losses and recycle the N back into the soil after incorporation, but the effect on the N balance depends on the CC species. In a one--year field study, we tested two application methods (i.e., surface broadcasting, BDC; and shallow injection, INJ) of the liquid fraction of separated co-digested cattle slurry (digestate liquid fraction [DLF]), combined with different winter cover crop (CC) options (i.e., rye, white mustard or bare fallow), as starter fertilizer for maize. Later, side--dressing with urea was required to fulfil maize N--requirements. We tested treatment effects on yield, N--uptake, N--use efficiency parameters, and N--losses in the form of N2O emissions and NO - 3 leaching. CC development and biomass production were strongly affected by their contrasting frost tolerance, with spring--regrowth for rye, while mustard was winter killed. After the CCs, injection of DLF increased N2O emissions significantly compared with BDC (emission factor of 2.69% vs. 1.66%). Nitrous oxide emissions accounted for a small part (11%-13%) of the overall yield-scaled N losses (0.46-0.97 kg N Mg grain-1). The adoption of CCs reduced fall NO - 3 leaching, being 51% and 64% lower for mustard and rye than under bare soil. In addition, rye reduced NO - 3 leaching during spring and summer after termination by promoting N immobilization, thus leading to -57% lower annual leaching losses compared with mustard. DLF application method modified N-loss pathways, but not the cumulative yield-scaled N losses. Overall, these insights contribute to inform an evidence-based design of cropping systems in which nutrients are recycled more efficiently.European Innovation Partnership “Agricultural Productivity and Sustainability” (EIP-AGRI), Grant/Award Number: E47F17001310007Wiley2023info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttps://doi.org/10.1111/gcbb.13036https://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/463600reponame:Repositori Obert UdL instname:Universitat de Lleida (UdL)InglésReproducció del document publicat a https://doi.org/10.1111/gcbb.13036Global Change Biology Bioenergy, 2023, vol. 15, núm. 7, p. 867-885E47F17001310007cc-by (c) The Authors, 2023Attribution 4.0 Internationalinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/oai:repositori.udl.cat:10459.1/4636002026-06-24T12:42:17Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Towards efficient N cycling in intensive maize: role of cover crops and application methods of digestate liquid fraction
title Towards efficient N cycling in intensive maize: role of cover crops and application methods of digestate liquid fraction
spellingShingle Towards efficient N cycling in intensive maize: role of cover crops and application methods of digestate liquid fraction
Capra, Federico
Cover crop residues
Digestate broadcasting
Digestate injection
N2O emissions
NO3- leaching
title_short Towards efficient N cycling in intensive maize: role of cover crops and application methods of digestate liquid fraction
title_full Towards efficient N cycling in intensive maize: role of cover crops and application methods of digestate liquid fraction
title_fullStr Towards efficient N cycling in intensive maize: role of cover crops and application methods of digestate liquid fraction
title_full_unstemmed Towards efficient N cycling in intensive maize: role of cover crops and application methods of digestate liquid fraction
title_sort Towards efficient N cycling in intensive maize: role of cover crops and application methods of digestate liquid fraction
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Capra, Federico
Abalos, D.
Maris, Stefania Codruta
Ardenti, Federico
Lommi, Michela
Tabaglio, Vincenzo
Fiorini, Andrea
author Capra, Federico
author_facet Capra, Federico
Abalos, D.
Maris, Stefania Codruta
Ardenti, Federico
Lommi, Michela
Tabaglio, Vincenzo
Fiorini, Andrea
author_role author
author2 Abalos, D.
Maris, Stefania Codruta
Ardenti, Federico
Lommi, Michela
Tabaglio, Vincenzo
Fiorini, Andrea
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Cover crop residues
Digestate broadcasting
Digestate injection
N2O emissions
NO3- leaching
topic Cover crop residues
Digestate broadcasting
Digestate injection
N2O emissions
NO3- leaching
description Digestate, a by-product of biogas production, is widely recognized as a promising renewable nitrogen (N) source with high potential to replace synthetic fertilizers. Yet, inefficient digestate use can lead to pollutant N losses as ammonia (NH3) volatilization, nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions and nitrate (NO - 3) leaching. Cover crops (CCs) may reduce some of these losses and recycle the N back into the soil after incorporation, but the effect on the N balance depends on the CC species. In a one--year field study, we tested two application methods (i.e., surface broadcasting, BDC; and shallow injection, INJ) of the liquid fraction of separated co-digested cattle slurry (digestate liquid fraction [DLF]), combined with different winter cover crop (CC) options (i.e., rye, white mustard or bare fallow), as starter fertilizer for maize. Later, side--dressing with urea was required to fulfil maize N--requirements. We tested treatment effects on yield, N--uptake, N--use efficiency parameters, and N--losses in the form of N2O emissions and NO - 3 leaching. CC development and biomass production were strongly affected by their contrasting frost tolerance, with spring--regrowth for rye, while mustard was winter killed. After the CCs, injection of DLF increased N2O emissions significantly compared with BDC (emission factor of 2.69% vs. 1.66%). Nitrous oxide emissions accounted for a small part (11%-13%) of the overall yield-scaled N losses (0.46-0.97 kg N Mg grain-1). The adoption of CCs reduced fall NO - 3 leaching, being 51% and 64% lower for mustard and rye than under bare soil. In addition, rye reduced NO - 3 leaching during spring and summer after termination by promoting N immobilization, thus leading to -57% lower annual leaching losses compared with mustard. DLF application method modified N-loss pathways, but not the cumulative yield-scaled N losses. Overall, these insights contribute to inform an evidence-based design of cropping systems in which nutrients are recycled more efficiently.
publishDate 2023
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2023
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv https://doi.org/10.1111/gcbb.13036
https://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/463600
url https://doi.org/10.1111/gcbb.13036
https://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/463600
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv Reproducció del document publicat a https://doi.org/10.1111/gcbb.13036
Global Change Biology Bioenergy, 2023, vol. 15, núm. 7, p. 867-885
E47F17001310007
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv cc-by (c) The Authors, 2023
Attribution 4.0 International
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
rights_invalid_str_mv cc-by (c) The Authors, 2023
Attribution 4.0 International
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Wiley
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Wiley
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:Repositori Obert UdL
instname:Universitat de Lleida (UdL)
instname_str Universitat de Lleida (UdL)
reponame_str Repositori Obert UdL
collection Repositori Obert UdL
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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score 15,812429

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