Decoding Sepsis: A 16-Year Retrospective Analysis of Activation Patterns, Mortality Predictors, and Outcomes from a Hospital-Wide Sepsis Protocol

Sepsis remains a leading cause of mortality in hospitalized patients. We evaluated characteristics and outcomes of patients identified through a comprehensive hospital-wide sepsis protocol over a 16-year period. This retrospective cohort study analyzed hospital-wide sepsis protocol activations at a...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Giglio, Andres, Aranda Perez, Maria, Socias Mir, Antonia, del Castillo Blanco, Alberto, Mena, Joana, Franco, Sara, Ortega, Maria, Nieto Piñar, Yasmina, Estrada, Victor, de la Rica, Roberto, Borges, Marcio
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2025
País:España
Institución:Conselleria de Salut i Consum del Govern de les Illes Balears
Repositorio:Docusalut
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:docusalut.com:20.500.13003/25935
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.13003/25935
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Shock, Septic
Choque Séptico
early detection
hospital wide
mortality predictors
protocol activation
resource utilization
sepsis
septic shock
Descripción
Sumario:Sepsis remains a leading cause of mortality in hospitalized patients. We evaluated characteristics and outcomes of patients identified through a comprehensive hospital-wide sepsis protocol over a 16-year period. This retrospective cohort study analyzed hospital-wide sepsis protocol activations at a tertiary care hospital in Spain from 2006 to 2022. The protocol required at least two SIRS criteria plus evidence of organ dysfunction in patients over 14 years old. We analyzed demographics, activation criteria, hospital location, mortality predictors using univariate and multivariate analyses, including propensity score modeling, and resource utilization trends. A total of 10,919 patients with 14,546 protocol activations were identified. The median age was 69 years (IQR: 56-78), with 60.9% male patients. Protocol activations occurred in the emergency department (54%), ICU (34.2%), and inpatient wards (11.8%). The most common SIRS criteria were tachycardia (75.6%), tachypnea (50.4%), and fever (48.5%). Prevalent organ dysfunctions included hypotension (53%), hypoxemia (50.1%), oliguria (28.9%), and altered mental status (22%). Overall in-hospital mortality showed a significant linear downward trend from 26.5% in the first year to 13.6% in later years ( < 0.01). Propensity score analysis confirmed independent mortality predictors included hyperlactatemia (aOR 2.21), altered consciousness (aOR 2.09), hypotension (aOR 1.87), and leukopenia (aOR 1.79). ICU admission rate decreased from 58% to 24% over the study period. This 16-year analysis shows that comprehensive hospital-wide sepsis protocols achieve sustained mortality reduction with improved resource utilization efficiency. These findings support implementing comprehensive sepsis protocols as an effective strategy for improving sepsis outcomes.